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Sovereigns of Europe

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International Tract and Missionary Society · Oakland, California · Jul 2, 1885

FromSigns of the Times, Vol. 11, No. 26.

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Sovereigns of Europe.

THE following concise statement concerning the countries of Europe, showing what is the form of Government in each; the name of the sovereign; the date of his birth and of his accession to the throne; the name, relation to the sovereign, and the date of the birth of the heir apparent; and the number of people over whom the sovereign rules. The list will be found a useful one to preserve, inasmuch as only one of the monarchs named is under the age of thirty years, and as the average age of all the sovereigns in the list is fifty-one and a half years.
Austria-Hungary, monarchy, Franz Josef I., emperor, born August 18, 1830; succeeded December 2, 1848. Heir, his son, Rudolph, crown-prince, born August 21, 1858. Population (1880), 37,786,346.
Belgium, kingdom, Leopold II., king, born April 9, 1835; succeeded December 10, 1865. Heir, his younger brother, Philippe, born March 24, 1837. Population (1880), 5,520,009.
Denmark, kingdom, Christian IX., king, born April 8, 1818; succeeded November 15, 1863. Heir, his son, Prince Frederick, born June 3, 1843. Population of Denmark (1880), 1,964,039; of colonies, 127,122.
France, republic, Jules Grevy, president, born August 15, 1813; elected (for seven years) January 30, 1879. Population of France (1881), 37,672,048; of colonies, about 9,250,000.
Germany, empire, Wilhelm I., emperor, bornMarch 22, 1797; proclaimed January 18, 1871. Heir, his son, Friedrich Wilhelm, imperial crown-prince, born October 18, 1831. Population (1880), 45,234,061. Germany comprises (1) Prussia, kingdom, Wilhelm I., king, succeeded January 2, 1861; (2) Bavaria, kingdom, Ludwig II., king, born August 25, 1845; succeeded March 10, 1864. Heir, his brother, Prince Otto, born April 27, 1848; (3) Wurtemberg, kingdom, Karl I., king, born March 6, 1823; succeeded June 25, 1864; (4) Saxony, kingdom, Albert I., king, born August 23, 1828; succeeded October 29, 1873; and many grand duchies and duchies.
Great Britain, kingdom, Victoria I., queen, born May 24, 1819; succeeded June 20, 1837. Heir, her son, Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, born November 9, 1841. Population of United Kingdom (1881), 35,241,482; of colonies and dependencies, about 222,000,000.
Greece, kingdom, Georgios I., king, born December 24, 1845; elected March 30, 1863. Heir, his son, Prince Konstantinos, Duke of Sparta, born August 2, 1868. Population (1879), 1,979,305.
Italy, kingdom, Umberto I., king, born March 14, 1844; succeeded January 9, 1878. Heir, his son, Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples, born November 11, 1869. Population (1881), 28,459,451.
Montenegro, principality, Nicholas I., prince, born October 7, 1841; succeeded August 14, 1860. Heir, his son, Danilo Alexander, born June 29, 1871. Population, about 250,000.
Netherlands, kingdom, Willem III., king, born February 19, 1817; succeeded March 17, 1849. Heiress, his daughter, Princess Wilhelmina, born August 31, 1880. Population of Netherlands (1883), 4,172,971; of colonies (1881), 26,841,597.
Portugal, kingdom, Luis I., king, born October 31, 1838; succeeded November 11, 1861. Heir, his son, Prince Carlo, Duke of Braganza, born September 28, 1863. Population of Portugal and islands (1881), 4,708,178; of colonies, 3,333,700.
Romania, kingdom, Carol I., king, born April 20, 1839; elected April 20, 1866. Heir, his nephew, Prince Ferdinand, of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, born August 24, 1865. Population (estimated), 5,376,000.
Russia, empire, Alexandria III., emperor, born March 10, 1845; succeeded March 13, 1881. Heir, his son, Grand Duke Nicholas, born May 18, 1868. Population (estimated, 1882), 100,372,553.
Servia, kingdom, Milan I., king, born August 22, 1854; succeeded August 22, 1872. Heir, his son, Alexander, born August 14, 1876. Population (estimated, 1882), 1,820,000.
Spain, kingdom, Alfonso XII., king, born November 28, 1857; succeeded December 31, 1874. Heiress, his sister, Infanta Isabel, born December 20, 1851. Population (estimated, 1883), 16,858,721.
Sweden and Norway, kingdom, Oscar II., king, born January 21, 1821; succeeded September 18, 1872. Heir, his son, Prince Gustaf, Duke of Wermeland, born June 16, 1858. Population of Sweden (1882), 4,579,115; of Norway (1875), 1,806,900.
Switzerland, republic, Charles Schenck, president (1885) for one year. Population (1880), 2,846,102.
Turkey, empire, Abdul Hamid II., born September 22, 1842; succeeded August 31, 1876. Heir, his brother, Mehmed-Reshad, born November 3, 1844. Population (estimated, 1883) of Turkey in Europe, including semi-independent States, 8,600,000; Turkey in Asia, 16,200,000; of Egypt and Tripoli, 17,400,000; total, 42,200,000.—Youth's Companion.