In an article concerning the remarkable achievements of Dr. Alexis Carrel, of the Rockefeller Institute in New York, a writer in the January Hampton’s Magazine says:12 The young surgeon — for he is only thirty-seven — does not claim that he has succeeded in the creation of living tissues by the use of the scalpel, but he has succeeded in taking living tissue, even vital organs, from one animal, and causing them to grow and functionate in other animals of the same species. More than this, he has removed glands, cartilage, bone, and other tissue from live animals, and kept it alive and growing for weeks, though removed from any living organism whatever. In this manner the processes of growth can be watched constantly, for in the removal of such tissue it is placed in a plasma of nutritive matter from the animal, and sealed in a glass slide kept constantly at a heat of ninety-eight degrees. A microscope of the same temperature furnishes the means of watching the tissue. Within a day or two slight granulations appear on the surface of the cut edges of cartilage, or whatever tissue is used, and soon small spindle-shaped or polygonal cells are seen to form. If the tissue be taken from a young animal, it grows rapidly; if from an older animal, its rate of growth is much slower. But it is found by Dr. Carrel that old tissue placed in a plasma of nutritive matter from a young animal will grow as swiftly as younger tissue. His discovery of a successful and satisfactory method for the transfusion of blood — an operation frequent in cases of anemia — was made through constant experiment with animals; and his present study of cultures of cancer taken from chickens promises to lead to a cure for that malignant disease. He has learned that in the process of growth, tissue scraped by the surgeon’s knife will take on different characteristics than those of the smoothly cut tissue; he has found that bodily tissue will adapt itself to conditions of transplantation, that veins grafted on arteries at once set to work thickening their walls in order to carry the supply of red blood, and that an entire anatomic section may be taken out of one animal and life given back to it in another organism.