Understanding the Four Temperaments Through a Biblical Perspective

Yes, the four temperaments are recognized as inherent constitutional frameworks of the human character that can be either perverted by natural passions or sanctified by the Spirit of GodNWAD PHLEGMATIC.2+3. While the specific names of the temperaments are often used to describe various physical and mental habits, the Bible and spiritual guidance emphasize that these natural traits must be brought under the control of Christ to achieve a symmetrical character 1 Samuel 10:62T 50.2+2.

The Four Temperaments and Character Development

• Sanguine: This temperament is characterized by an ardent, warm, and hopeful nature, often abounding with blood or a plethoric habit of bodyNWAD SANGUINE.3+1. A sanguine person may be eager and self-confident, but they must guard against moving purely by impulse or strong feeling, which can lead to unwise actions2T 50.2+1.

• Phlegmatic: A phlegmatic constitution is often described as cold, dull, heavy, or sluggishNWAD PHLEGMATIC.2. Those with this temperament may be difficult to excite into action or passion and can sometimes appear indifferent to spiritual or worldly attachmentsNWAD PHLEGMATIC.2+2.

• Melancholic: This temperament is associated with a tendency toward gloom, dejection, or being depressed in spiritsNWAD MELANCHOLIC.2+1. If a person indulges in excessive grief, it can lead to a morbid state where they dwell upon bad feelings and become irritable2MCP 734.4+2.

• Choleric (Irascible/Passionate): Though the term "choleric" is synonymous with an irritable or passionate constitution, it is often seen in those who are quick-tempered, sharp in reply, or easily provokedNWAD SNAPPISH.2+2. Such individuals often struggle with a spirit of combativeness or a stubborn will that needs to be subdued by divine grace1888 482.2+2.

The Influence of Physiology and Habit

The state of our temperaments is deeply connected to our physical health and daily choices.

• Dietary Influence: A meat diet or a "sour stomach" caused by improper eating can make even a sweet-tempered person peevish, irritable, and morose14MR 299.1+2.

• Inheritance and Training: Temperaments can be inherited; for instance, some are born with an "inheritance of discouragement" and require constant encouragement4MR 180.2+1.

• Exercise and Occupation: Inactivity can lead to a "stagnation of the blood" and a bilious temperament, whereas physical labor and cheerfulness help maintain a healthy systemHR January 1, 1871, par. 3+1.

The Goal of Character Transformation

Regardless of one's natural temperament, the goal is to be transformed into the divine likeness4T 64.3+1. The Bible provides examples and instructions for this work:

• A New Heart: Like King Saul, whose natural temperament was transformed when the Spirit of the Lord came upon him, we can be "turned into another man" 1 Samuel 10:6-712LtMs, Lt 16, 1897, par. 18.

• The Example of Christ: We are encouraged to learn meekness and lowliness in the school of Christ to correct our peculiar defects, whether they be stubbornness, moroseness, or a quick temperRH April 26, 1887, par. 2+1.

• Spiritual Fruit: Rather than being controlled by the body or natural passions, we are to be controlled by the mind and the Spirit, bearing fruits of love, joy, and peace Galatians 5:22-23Ed 202.1+1.

True dignity and completeness of character are built on the foundation of godliness9MR 370.5. When we fix our eyes on Jesus, His life-giving fountain provides the energy to refine and ennoble our manliness or womanliness1SM 88.3+1. Each individual must choose to let the Word of God regulate every desire and purify every thoughtMH 136.3+1.