FOREIGN HISTORICAL EVENTS OF NOTE.
1874.—Fall of Gladstone government in England, return of Disraeli to power.—Restoration of monarchy in Spain under Alphonso XII. 1875.—Adoption of Constitution in France.—Revolt of Bosnia and Herzegovina against Turkish rule. 1876.—Insurrection in Bulgaria suppressed by the Turks with great cruelty. 1877.—Defeat of Servia in war with Turks.16—Russo-Turkish war, siege of Plevna and Kars.—Title "Empress of India" assumed by Queen Victoria. 1878.—Second war of England in Afghanistan.—End of Russo-Turkish war.—Treaty of San Stefano superseded by Berlin Congress and treaty.—Servia and Roumania independent.—Bosnia transferred to Austria.—Bulgaria divided.—Leo XIII. elected. 1879.—President McMahon resigns in France, M. Jules Grevy elected.—War in Afghanistan by English, Ameer deposed, continued in 1880.—English war with Zulus. 1880.—Disraeli resigns, Gladstone returns to power. 1881.—Czar Alexander assassinated, March 13.—England's war with Boers.—Arabs revolt in Egypt against the government. 1882.—British bombard Alexandria.—Death of Gambetta in France.—Panama Canal begun. 1883.—Suppression of Arabs' rebellion, and English occupation of Egypt.—War in Soudan, 1883. 1884.—War of France in Tonquin with China.—Turcomans conquered by Russia, who occupies Merv. Foreign Historical Events.
(Continued from page 15.) 1885.—Gladstone government overthrown, Salisbury primate.—Fall of Khartum and death of Gordon.—Independent State of Kongo. 1886.—Gladstone returned to power, defeated in Home Rule for Ireland; Salisbury succeeds. 1887.—President Grevy, of France, forced to resign, Sadi Carnot elected.—Panama Canal Company fails. 1888.—Death of German emperor, William I.—Accession and death of Frederick III.—Accession of present emperor, William II.—Slavery abolished in Brazil. 1889.—King Milan, of Servia, abdicates in favor of his young son.—Revolution in Brazil, expulsion of emperor and family.—British South African Company chartered.—Constitution promulgated in Japan. 1890.—Bismarck dismissed from office by German emperor.—Financial collapse and revolution in Argentine Republic.—Brazil becomes a republic. 1891.—Civil war in Chile, President Balmaceda defeated, suicides.—Free schools established in England. 1892.—Panama scandal stirs France.—Gladstone again comes to power, but Home Rule Bill for Ireland defeated by House of Lords.—Revolution in Venezuela. 1893.—Suspension of free coinage of silver in India.—Financial crisis throughout the world begins.—War between British and Matabeles. 1894.—Czar Alexander III, of Russia dies, November 1.—Nicholas II. proclaimed czar, November 2. 1895.—Massacre of 30,000 Armenian Christians.—Casimer Perier resigns French presidency, January 15.—Felix Faure elected, January 17.—Elbe, N. German Lloyd steamship, sunk in collision with British ship Crathrie, 334 lives lost, January 19.—Chinese fleet destroyed by Japanese at Wei-Hai-Wei, February 4.—Treaty of peace signed April 16.—Reina Regenta, Spanish cruiser, lost in bay of Trafalgar, with 402 on board.—French capture Antananarivo, capital of Madagascar, September 30.—American missionary buildings destroyed by Turks, November 16.—Kaiser William ship canal opened by the emperor, William II., January 19. 1896.—Massacre of 3,000 Armenian Christians by the Kurds, January 4.—Italians repulse 60,000 Abyssinians at Makala, January 21.—Ferdinand of Bulgaria recognized as ruler by Germany, February 16.—Abyssinians defeat Italian army, 5,000 killed.—Ecuador suspends payment of foreign debt, March 21.—Alliance between England and Italy, March 25.—Ancient Olympian games renewed in Greece, March and April.—Shah of Persia assassinated, May 1.—Coronation of Czar Nicholas II. of Russia, May 26.—Treaty of peace between Italy and Abyssinia signed October 26.—November 26 settlement arranged between United States and Great Britain over Venezuela matter.—December 1, Gen. Porfirio Diaz inaugurated President of Mexico for the fifth time.—December 31, a report on finances of Turkey showed an average yearly deficit of $4,400,000 since 1890. 1897.—General arbitration treaty between the United States and Great Britain signed January 11.—Ambassadors of the six European powers draw a collective note to be sent to the Porte regarding the Cretan settlement.—Diplomatic relations between Great Britain and Venezuela resumed, March 2.—Greece replies to the ultimatum of the Powers refusing to withdraw her troops from Crete, March 8.—Greek transport sunk by an Austrian war ship in Cretan waters, March 18.—Crete blockaded by the Powers, March 21.—Sultan of Zanzibar abolishes slavery, April 6.—Fighting begins between Greece and Turkey, on the Thessalian frontier, April 9.—Turkey declares a state of war exists, April 17.—Diplomatic relations broken off between Turkey and Greece, April 18.—A fifteen days' armistice declared May 31, to date from May 20, the Turks generally victorious.—Preliminary treaty of peace signed at Constantinople, September 18.—Final treaty of peace between Turkey and Greece signed December 16.—China grants permission to the Russian squadron to winter at Port Arthur, December 22. 1898.—Kalou-chau ceded to Germany by China, January 5.—President Barrios, of Guatemala, assassinated, February 8.—The Chinese Government agrees to all of Russia's demands in the matter of leasing Port Arthur and Talienwan.—Serious bread riots in Italy, from April 27 to May 8, during which hundreds of persons were killed in the streets of Milan.—Great Britain takes possession of Wei-Hai-Wei, China, May 24.—Japan and Russia sign a protocol guaranteeing the independence of Corea, June 5.—The empress dowager of China relieves the emperor of all actual power, August 1.—The emperor abdicates in favor of the empress dowager, September 22.—Turkey disclaims all responsibility for loss of property of American missionaries in Armenian massacres, August 7.—Colonel Henry, of the French army, confesses to forging a letter to secure the conviction of Captain Dreyfus, and commits suicide, August 31; all France stirred over the Dreyfus case; feeling against the Jews intense.—Anglo-Egyptian forces defeat the Dervishes at Omdurman, inflicting upon them a loss of over 10,000, and totally destroying the power of the Khalifa.—Last of the Turkish troops leave Crete November 9; Prince George, of Greece, appointed by the Powers governor of Crete. Sinking of French liner La Bourgogne in collision near Nova Scotia, July 4, 549 lives lost.—English steamship Mohegan wrecked off south coast of England, October 14, 119 lives lost.—November 27, steamship Portland wrecked in a terrible storm off Cape Cod, 120 lives lost; 200 vessels of all grades reported wrecked.