1 Samuel 23:3

And David’s men said unto him, Behold, we be afraid here in Judah: how much more then if we come to Keilah against the armies of the Philistines?

David's men were afraid to go against the Philistine armies at Keilah because they already felt unsafe where they were in Judah. The danger of leaving their hiding place to face a superior force seemed greater than the risk of remaining, so their fear was tied directly to their present insecurity. Despite that fear they went with David to Keilah and saved the town from the Philistines. After the rescue they did not remain in Keilah but left it for the wilderness of Ziph, where they were still not secure.