Deuteronomy 6:3

Hear therefore, O Israel, and observe to do it; that it may be well with thee, and that ye may increase mightily, as the LORD God of thy fathers hath promised thee, in the land that floweth with milk and honey.

Israel is called to listen attentively and carefully carry out the commandments, statutes and judgments God gave, including the Sabbath and the call to fear Him all life long with children and grandchildren.
Obedience done from wholehearted love to God with all heart, soul and might, joined to love for neighbor, brings assured well-being, mighty increase and possession of the good land promised to the fathers.
Those who obey from the heart come under God's blessing, protection and cooperation of heavenly agencies, while disobedience forfeits that care and brings a curse.
God's words are to stay continually in mind and heart and be taught diligently to children at all times and in every place, with parents giving patient physical, mental, moral and scriptural training from infancy.
This instruction binds people just as surely now as when spoken to Israel, to be studied and obeyed in preparation for the near final judgment.

Hearing, Promise, and Setting

Israel is called to hear and to carefully observe to do the commandments, statutes, and judgments that God commanded. The hearing required is not passive listening but attentive doing, putting instruction into practice and governing life by it. Careful obedience carries the promise that it will be well and that the people will increase mightily in the land flowing with milk and honey, as the Lord God of the fathers promised. Well-being, prolonged days, and great increase in the promised land follow hearing and carefully doing God's commandments.

The promise is joined to faithful obedience and to God's covenant with the ancestors. What was pledged to the fathers is to be received in the land flowing with milk and honey through obedience that hears and observes to do. The verse continues the definite specification of the commandments given in Deuteronomy 5, including the Sabbath. It binds the hearer with son and son's son all the days of life to fear the Lord and keep all His requirements, with the commands taught across generations so children too learn to fear God and keep them.

Obedience to the law includes refraining from unnecessary labor on the Lord's holy day, with every family member to know the law's requirements and restrictions. The instruction was spoken by Jesus Christ to Moses to give to more than a million people who had come out of Egypt. It belongs to what God required of His ancient people in Deuteronomy 4-8 that they might be a holy people unto Himself.

Wholehearted Obedience and Blessing

The obedience called for is wholehearted love to God with all the heart and soul and might, taking in the whole person and taking the whole man into covenant relation with God. The command to be heard and done is supreme love to God joined with love to neighbor as self as the two great principles of the law on which hang all the law and the prophets. Supreme love to God involves all other requirements, so those who keep the first four commandments will not transgress the other six. As a person entrusts a helpless soul to the Lord, prosperity is assured.

Doing what is right and good in the sight of the Lord brings well-being and entrance into and possession of the promised good land. Keeping all the statutes in godly fear, not servile fear, is for good always to preserve alive and is righteousness. The promise belongs to everyone who obeys from the heart and follows the path of obedience. Heavenly intelligences are ready to cooperate with such obedient ones, and God's blessing and protecting care and guardianship are over them, so God can protect His obedient people from the enemy who claims transgressors, while the disobedient cannot expect His blessing and protection and must consider their situation.

The promise of blessing is set against the curse that follows disobedience. The directions are to be carefully observed from the greatest to what may seem least. This means doing what the Lord has specified in His Word and neglecting no important requirement.

Teaching Children and Present Duty

God's words are to remain continually in the mind and heart, and to govern family life by being taught diligently to children when sitting in the house and walking by the way and lying down and rising up, bound upon the hand and as frontlets between the eyes and written upon house posts and gates. In this way children gain correct impressions of the Lord's dealings with His chosen people. These words are God's standard for a life of learning and obedience.

The verse places on all parents the sacred duty to teach God's commandments diligently to their children line upon line and precept upon precept, patiently, carefully and mercifully. That teaching is to give physical, mental and moral instruction and to keep the claims of God ever before children without neglecting religious training. Scripture is to be taught from the earliest years and from very infancy to form characters that will meet God's approval. The promise of well-being and mighty increase extends to children when the commandments are taught to them. Neglecting this instruction brings loss of blessing to parents and children, and allows false teaching about God's law to pass from generation to generation.

Keeping God's commandments honors Him. The commandments are words of highest importance that should be made visible to teach the people heaven's requirements. Personal consecration comes first, for God will not accept service unless the one who offers it has first surrendered the whole soul to Him, and unless the root is holy there can be no acceptable fruit. This requires parents to control themselves for God's sake as Creator and Redeemer, to cleanse the soul-temple and reveal piety, virtue and godliness in the home life. It requires taking every precaution to prevent objectionable traits of character from growing up in children, and preparing for the present and the future life in order to be admitted into the city of God.

The instruction is important for all to follow now just as surely as it was spoken to Israel. The whole chapter is a lesson to be studied now, including the call to ministers to hear and observe to do what the Lord commands. It is to be studied now with profit because the day of God's great final review is near. Then the people of this world must stand before the Judge of all the earth to answer for their deeds, in the present time of investigation when every character will have been investigated and every case decided for eternity.