Jeremiah 11:9

And the LORD said unto me, A conspiracy is found among the men of Judah, and among the inhabitants of Jerusalem.

The verse belongs among the prophecies of Jeremiah 3 through 21 whose meaning is awful denunciation against sin joined with sorrow of heart over the people's transgression. It was spoken about 600 years before Christ, in the days of Jeremiah when the new covenant was promised. The conspiracy found among the men of Judah and among the inhabitants of Jerusalem is their violation of the covenant God made with them when he brought them out of Egypt and brought them forth out of Egypt.

The chapter shows that about 600 years before Christ the ten commandments proclaimed by the Lord who made the covenant with Israel at the Exodus from Egypt were still acknowledged as his law. They were the condition of the old covenant, so if they were not his law then the old covenant would have been a nullity 600 years before Christ. By breaking the covenant Israel forfeited its blessings, and the branches of its olive tree, the good olive tree representing the family of Abraham and God's olive tree, would be broken off. Because God's ancient people continued not in his covenant, he regarded them not.

Those broken off can be grafted in again, and Gentiles can share the covenant blessings by becoming members of Israel. The same law is the law God promised to put in minds and hearts in the new covenant, with no intimation of any other law. The announcement marks the first covenant as old and ready to give way, while Jeremiah's later promise of a new covenant, a new and better covenant to replace the old one foretold about 600 years before Christ, offered hope. The verse is a touching appeal to return to God that was met with utter lack of response on the part of the mass of the people.