Jeremiah 33:22
As the host of heaven cannot be numbered, neither the sand of the sea measured: so will I multiply the seed of David my servant, and the Levites that minister unto me. As the host of heaven cannot be numbered, neither the sand of the sea measured: so will I multiply the seed of David my servant, and the Levites that minister unto me.
Jeremiah 33:22 belongs to the Messianic prophecies of restoration under Christ, which look through the restoration from Babylon to a more glorious restoration under Christ Jesus the Lord. In chronological order it stands with chapter 32 after chapter 37 and before chapter 38, though its position in the book is not in chronological order. In that restoration the faithful remnant of literal Israel served as a type of Israel under the new covenant.
The verse uses the host of heaven that cannot be numbered and the sand of the sea that cannot be measured as a picture of abundance for the promised multitude of the descendants of David and the ministering Levites. The countless stars it describes are each known by God, kept in their appointed places, and not allowed to fail. Its statement that the host cannot be numbered revealed the existence of countless stars long before modern telescopes discovered their vast number. The vast numbers of stars and worlds now known make its truth clearer.
The innumerable host gives a sense of the immense multitude of the redeemed in heaven. The verse renews to David the promise first made to Abraham that his seed would be innumerable. The multiplied seed is the mighty throng Abraham will at last meet, including Gentiles gathered by God's lifted hand and standard after apostate Israel was lost and Abraham was left desolate, captive, and moving to and fro.
The promise belongs to the restoration of all Israel as the children of promise across the ages rather than only the Jews living at one time. Jesus brings this restoration, which includes the resurrection at His second advent and the heavenly country. There those who were Levites will officiate, believing Gentiles will share citizenship in Zion, and Israel's personal and national identity is preserved. The prophecy is fulfilled when living Israel enters the land of the covenant of peace and receives a new spirit at the beginning of the day of the Lord, before the resurrection of the just, linked with the deliverance of God's living people.
The verse belongs to prophecies describing the desolation of the earth during the millennium, after all wicked people are destroyed at the second advent and the immortal subjects of the eternal kingdom ascend with Christ to the eternal city to reign with Him in judging the wicked for a thousand years.