Matthew 13:32
Which indeed is the least of all seeds: but when it is grown, it is the greatest among herbs, and becometh a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in the branches thereof. Which indeed is the least of all seeds: but when it is grown, it is the greatest among herbs, and becometh a tree, so that the birds of the air come and lodge in the branches thereof.
The verse pictures a tiny mustard seed sown in a field springing up in stages until it becomes the greatest of herbs, a tree large enough for birds to lodge in its branches. Jesus drew the image from the mustard plant familiar to His hearers to answer their doubt that people of every class could belong to God's kingdom. Its small, unimpressive beginning was His humble, poor and unlearned disciples, whose outward weakness did not prevent the kingdom from growing until it fills the world. The least seed becoming the greatest herb means Christ's kingdom began insignificant but carried God's life-giving principle, so its rapid, far-reaching growth depends on divine life and not human power, and it will spread throughout the world and endure when earthly glory perishes. That same growth begins in the heart from something small like a spoken word or ray of light, and becomes faith that takes hold of God's word, grows stronger, and brings heaven's power to overcome obstacles with results no one can measure. Christ's own brief, simple utterances of truth are like that seed, for when made alive by the Holy Spirit they germinate in the soul and bear fruit as no elaborate argument can, until in the last generation the final message of warning and mercy goes to every nation and the earth is lightened with God's glory.
Parable's Meaning and Setting
The kingdom of heaven is like a tiny mustard seed sown in a field that in process of time springs up, first the blade, then the stalk, and then spreading branches, until it becomes a tree large enough for birds of the air to lodge in it. This picture was drawn from nature, for nature when comprehended and understood teaches divine knowledge, and Christ taught through such a simple image. The mustard plant grew abundantly among the people who heard Him, so its familiar growth furnished a lesson for all. The parable was given to answer incredulity about whether people of every class and background could belong to God's kingdom.
Its small and unimpressive beginning was the humble, poor, and unlearned disciples who followed Jesus, whose outward weakness did not prevent growth until the kingdom fills the world. That least of seeds becoming the greatest among herbs and a tree means Christ's kingdom began humble and seemingly insignificant, yet carried divine life and the life-giving principle of God. Its rapid, far-reaching growth and wide sheltering influence depend on the life God gives, not on human power. Though it looked small beside earthly kingdoms, it would spread its influence throughout the world, outlast them when their glory perished, and become a far-reaching power.
The giver of the parable is sovereign over the same laws that govern earthly seed-sowing and harvest, and those laws also govern the sowing of the seeds of truth. The gospel seed is the Word of God communicated as truth and woven into practical life. Healthy growth of a young tree into a wide-spreading tree that shelters birds shows how a living thing develops naturally when it is not harmed by blighting forces.
Kingdom Growth Through History
The same pattern of a tiny beginning followed by growth in spite of opposition is repeated in every generation, when a special truth and work is entrusted to a few humble people whom worldly and religious authorities oppose or despise, yet the work gains strength and advances. The Puritans illustrate this, for though few in number and with little worldly influence they were like the mustard seed, and their faith and influence became powerful and far-reaching. In the last generation the parable reaches triumphant fulfillment as the final message of warning and mercy goes to every nation, kindred, and tongue, gathers a people for God, and the earth is lightened with His glory.
The church began small and has grown into something great and widely sheltering that has spread throughout the world. The spreading and flourishing of the truth and the multiplication of its institutions show this growth from very small beginnings into a great tree. That flourishing came through united effort and organization under God's blessing, with organization as the means through which the work advanced.
Work begun for God starts small and by His blessing becomes larger and stronger, which applies to establishing sanitariums in European countries where due interest has not been taken and where circumstances peculiar to the various fields bring perplexing questions. The gospel seed planted in unworked fields appears small at first. Work starting from a very small humble beginning will grow large under His blessing when a worker with limited training begins humbly in new fields, meets people where they are, and presents truth in simple object-lessons a little at a time, so that Christ moving on hearts wins many and draws souls into the fold into a large sheltering growth.
Personal Faith and Ministry
The least seed becoming great teaches that every person is to sow the seed of truth and do the work suited to the abilities entrusted to him, with no one left to be idle or indifferent, and those entrusted abilities themselves are to grow. The kingdom of Christ and the work of grace begin in the heart in the same way, from something small and seemingly insignificant that through divine life grows into results no one can measure. That small beginning may be a spoken word, a ray of light, or an influence that starts new life, just as the tiny seed grows into a great plant.
Though very small, the seed contains the life principle that produces growth into a lofty tree, and this illustrates faith. Faith takes hold of God's word and of the help God provides, grows stronger, and brings heaven's power to overcome obstacles. Christ likened His own brief, simple statements of divine truth to that mustard seed when they were spoken from a heart softened and made sympathetic by His love. The truth so spoken receives the life-giving power and vital energy of the Holy Spirit, which is thrown into the soul to make the seed of truth germinate and bear fruit. Elaborate reasoning and argumentative demonstrations of doctrine seldom impress the hearer with a sense of his need and peril as these plain utterances do.
The same law of growth from a seed holds for harm, for words of criticism spoken from human judgment about danger that may come at some time are seeds like the tiny seed that becomes a great tree, growing large and harmful. Such criticism causes drawing apart from ministering brethren and dishonors God, and it produces tares resembling wheat that must be entirely done away, so minds must be given to unifying rather than to drawing apart. The instruction in Matthew 13, in which the kingdom of heaven begins like a very small seed and grows into something great like a sheltering tree for the birds, is to be studied through its simple image and carried into ministry. It must be read as for life and heeded, letting no human sophistries or mocking of sacred things blind the mind. It contemplates the future destiny of those for whom Christ gave His life and bears on who shall stand acquitted without spot or stain before the judgment seat, for those saved must form characters without fault before a pure and holy God by each doing the God-given work in cooperation with Christ, wearing His yoke and learning His meekness and lowliness, since at the great day every person will be judged according to deeds done in this life.