Two Night Watchmen Carry Lanterns Down a StreetBible World
5:14Matthew 5:14
Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill cannot be hid.
Disciples of Christ are made the light of the world, set openly like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden, so their light must reach all within their influence rather than be kept private or concealed. They have no light of their own but receive it from Christ the true Light, and by beholding Him, abiding in Him and being united to Him they are changed into His image and reflect His character in word and action. Their shining is the truth of God's Word lived out in good works, godly character, obedience and mercy, so that those who see them are led to glorify the Father in heaven. As His church they are His appointed light-bearer amid moral darkness, called for the world's sake to carry present truth to the ends of the earth by every means and not to gather only for themselves. This light must shine first from the home and in daily work and business, and it is kept burning only by living connection with Christ, separation from the world and steady self-denying service, for refusing to shine means losing the light.
Words and Historical Setting
Jesus spoke these words on the mountain when He was set and His disciples came close around Him in sight of the multitudes, as instruction to His disciples about their work in being made the light of the world, placed openly before men like a hilltop city that stays visible and cannot be concealed. The saying belongs to Matthew 5:10-20 and to Matthew 5:13-16 and to the Sermon on the Mount, and is to be studied together with His conflicts and victories in the wilderness temptation in Matthew 4 as showing the character of His teaching. It was spoken by Christ to His disciples, and means those purified through belief of the truth, with Christ dwelling as an abiding guest in the heart, give light to the world. That light is wisdom to distinguish the earthly from the heavenly, ability from the words of divine inspiration to discern between right and wrong, and guidance in righteous judgment, shining before men in good works that lead them to glorify the Father in heaven, and it is the sacred truth committed to God's people as its depositaries, with talents entrusted to them for wise improvement that God designs to be multiplied by constant use, so every soul must keep his light trimmed and burning in order to give light to all with whom he comes in contact.
The words were spoken to a few poor, humble fishermen, not to the priests and rabbis and scribes and Pharisees who were present among the hearers. Those leading men had the oracles of God committed to them and possessed learning, supposed instruction in the mysteries of the law, and claims to know God, yet they revealed that they did not know Him. Though the world called them wise, they were unsafe teachers who taught the commandments of men for doctrine and were ignorant of the Scriptures and the power of God. Outward advantage as God's chosen people does not make a people the light of the world when they forsake the fountain of living waters for broken cisterns and turn to Egypt and Assyria, and the name belongs to Christ's humble disciples, reversing human judgment that regarded them only as hewers of wood and drawers of water. From them goes forth a message illuminating in its influence and saving in its power, and salt and light fully represent them and true religion, for Pharisaism and its caste-like customs, ceremonies, and traditions made the Jewish people unfit for the calling entrusted with sacred truth, since they wrongly treated their own nation as the world, while Christ commissioned His disciples to proclaim a faith and worship without barriers of caste or country, suited to all peoples, nations, and classes.
The verse was spoken by Christ to His disciples to present their exalted position in the world as a visible light to the world, like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden, whose good works let others see that light and bring glory to the Father, as one of the God-approved qualities taught in the Sermon on the Mount. In that setting this identity calls for them to live so that others see their good works and glorify God, and the verse belongs with Christ's instruction to receive the sermon's blessings by accepting its terms. It is a saying from the lips of the great Teacher, plain truth on its own merits, truth expounding and explaining truth, the bread of life which came down from heaven. Less study of books and reading and believing and practicing this word brings a changed life and Christlikeness developed in character, and alone is enough that not a soul would be lost, as preconceived opinions are laid aside and the Word is believed and practiced irrespective of financial standing, losses or gains, until divine principles are inwrought in the heart as if written with the finger of God, so that neither gaping lion's den nor fiery furnace intimidates to deny and betray the truth for favor or worldly honors or exalted position, man's reputation counts as nothingness, to live is to obey the word of Christ and to die for the truth's sake is gain under the blood-stained banner of Prince Emmanuel. It is one of the blessings spoken on the mount that is full of deep meaning and is a golden treasure of truth and instruction in which every symbol has value, yet it is dimly appreciated and many who claim to be Christians do not choose to bring it into practical experience, and if the messengers of God saw its real value they would understand the true position they are called to occupy, and when proved and tried they would work it out in their own lives and experiences, for it must be incorporated into the life to give understanding that is experimental knowledge of the highest value. Christ's followers as the world's light are to make truth visible by lives and witness like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden, as was seen in a public meeting where listeners were interested and one woman said she would keep the Sabbath after being convinced.
Its context reveals the old light of Jehovah's law in a new setting in the framework of the gospel, essential to have, in the exceeding breadth and extended character of God's law reaching into the inmost parts of the mind and bringing out the purposes of God, presented in a light not comprehended before. Men had Christ represented in the typical offerings and sacrifices yet fixed on the law, the law, the law as entrance into heaven, and had built around it human exactions until it could not be kept as they interpreted it, and Christ does not detract from the law but reveals it anew, and when He does resistance arises because it does not harmonize with misconceived ideas and teaching that did not make the law prominent as He does. Matthew 5 reveals the truth concerning the laws of God's government, and in this context that truth enlightens people and shows them the peril of continuing in disobedience to God's commandments. The saying was spoken during the sermon on the mount on the table-land above the lake as the sun climbed above the mountain tops and its bright beams distinctly revealed the cities on the slopes, to which He pointed as He spoke, and it defines the principles of the law spoken from Sinai to be carried out and exemplified in practical life, so His followers illuminate the world as the sun illuminates hill cities that cannot be hidden, and their illumination shines before men in good works that lead men to glorify the Father in heaven. Their shining is their good works of obedience to God's law, including His Sabbath as the sign between Him and them by which He sanctifies them, giving light to all around and leading men to glorify the Father in heaven, and this stands against making void God's law through tradition and teaching the commandments of men for doctrines. Christ did not come to destroy the law or the prophets but to fulfil them, and as long as heaven remains above and earth beneath there is no excuse for any power in heaven or earth to change God's law, with not one jot or tittle passing till all is fulfilled, and breaking one of the least commandments and teaching men so brings the lowest place in the kingdom of heaven, while doing and teaching them brings greatness, and no one enters the kingdom without a righteousness exceeding that of the scribes and Pharisees. The Sermon on the Mount whose teaching opposed the self-righteous doctrines of the scribes and Pharisees and corrected their misrepresentation of God gives Christ's teaching as the far-reaching principles of the law of God, showing that the state of the heart regulates life and character and that the spirit of the law must be in the heart, so instructing new converts in the claims of the law fails unless they are impressed with these principles.
The verse shows what the Jewish nation could have become if it had welcomed Christ, the light sent from heaven: a living, shining light in the darkness and a clear representative of Christ. Through the Spirit's transforming work, they would have borne visible evidence of God's power in changed hearts and characters. It describes the early Christians as the light of the world, whose love for one another, character, and teachings had a powerful influence. Their example brought them favor among the people, while their known character and teachings made them a terror to evildoers and led the wicked to hate and persecute them, and though they were few and had no wealth or honor their witness shone and exposed evil, for which reason they were hated and persecuted, even to death. Christ's work is to shine as a light in the world by making the gospel of salvation known to all classes. The light of the world shines upon people as a rich blessing, with God providing for their temporal and spiritual needs, and people should respond by honoring and thanking the Giver.
City Set on a Hill
Followers are a visible witness like a city set on a hill that cannot be hidden or concealed, and their faith is not meant to remain private, confined to home life, or kept in obscure places but placed where it can reach everyone. Their light is their good works shining before others so that people see them and glorify the Father in heaven, shown through sincere service to God, the power of truth, spiritual life received from coming to God for light, and oneness with Christ in harmony with God's purpose. Hiding the light comes from an evil heart of unbelief, seen when God's people either copy the wicked practices of surrounding nations or withdraw into proud exclusiveness as if God's love and care belong to them alone, instead of shedding light upon surrounding peoples. In this application the light not to be concealed is the truth that people need to hear, including those in neglected cities, with urgency to reach and save others.
The image is illustrated by towns on surrounding hills clearly visible in morning light and by the city of Safed or Saphet seen from afar, set in full sight and catching the beams of the morning sun and flashing back its evening glories from its bright battlements. To be that city is to be firm, established, strengthened and settled, living higher, purer and nobler than the ways of sinners, as a person of principle, sober, watchful, prayerful, full of faith and good works, with a sound conscience and consistent holy living, and they need not apologize for doing what is right. Being set on a hill does not mean seeking the prominence of the hill or placing oneself in a prominent position, but living by much prayer, watching unto prayer, self-denial, lifting the cross and following Christ, walking with God and not with Satan. A work or community set as an example for others is likewise like a city on a hill whose influence is visible and cannot be hidden, as with a school whose example would affect church-school work beyond its own community, and as with churches standing visibly all through steep mountain slopes above large settlements that must be reached where they are. In places like Africa such a lived light is the only Bible many people can read.
The openly placed lamp giving light to all in the house explains that the light is meant to benefit all within influence and not be concealed, with the house being the world. Their great work is to reveal in experience the true light in distinction from all other lights, revealing Christ and thereby the Father, living under the direct rays of the Sun of Righteousness and letting every soul communicate light rather than covering it with worldly policy or measuring out how much can be afforded to others. The world as God's vineyard and field is to be entered rather than kept within crowded centers, carrying the light into neglected places and faithful work in cities to establish visible witnesses from which truth could spread to surrounding regions. The church is called, like ancient Israel, to make God's truth known from the entrusted law and prophetic messages for this time, acting as His agents to carry the warning throughout the earth and preach the gospel without allowing anything to hinder the work.
As a city on high cannot be hidden, God makes law plainly visible, publishing the law established in human being and the penalty for transgressing it so distinctly and prominently that every accountable intelligent being can understand what is for good if willing. Applied especially to health reform and natural law, the light is made to shine to develop mind, soul and body and support acceptable service to God, promoting spiritual as well as physical life through instruction and consistent example as a visible influence for good. Those able to understand are responsible for the light given to them, while those unable to understand are not held responsible. God's people shine above the mist and fog of unbelief and spiritual darkness, so their light cannot be hidden. Becoming that light means every person accepting the light, every ray of it, since God gave all heaven in one gift, and not going home to sit down but working to the point, building one another up in the most holy faith until a tidal wave pours over the people.
Light Received from Christ
Believers have no light of their own but receive all light from Christ the true Light, the Sun of Righteousness and Source of all light, gathering His divine rays, kindling the taper from the divine altar, and reflecting heaven's light to dispel moral darkness. Their life-work in reflecting is to direct sinners' minds to God and awaken high views of Christian purity, making them the saving power in the world with character harmonious in all its parts. When they value that light the witness is visible and cannot be hidden, and Jesus gives them part in His own work of shedding light on a sin-darkened world. This spreading is done through words of warning and appeal, missionary work in every line, and the printed page, so people see good works and glorify the Father.
By beholding Christ, abiding in Him, looking to Jesus and walking with Him, followers are changed into His image, receive His character and grace, and cannot help reflecting it in words and righteous actions. This union fills the heart with His grace and controls the will, moving them by His love to suffer with the suffering, rejoice with the rejoicing, and feel tenderness for every soul in weakness, sorrow or distress. As partakers of the divine nature they reach out to the needy after the pattern of Him who was touched with pity, wept over suffering, died to lift transgression and make eternal life possible, and whose earthly life perfectly reflects the divine law as life and hope and light. Beholding Him changes them from character to character, and with open face beholding the glory of the Lord which is character they practice His example in redeemed human nature through obedience. Merely saying they believe does not show transforming power; repentance and conversion must change words and conduct so good works lead men to glorify the Father. Without faith working by love to purify hereditary and cultivated tendencies, profession avails nothing and becomes a savor of death rather than life.
They become light when purified through belief of the truth with Christ dwelling within by the Holy Spirit, when self is crucified and surrendered, when putting on the new man in righteousness and holiness with the fruits of the Spirit. Those so purified gain wisdom to distinguish earthly from heavenly, ability from divine inspiration to discern right from wrong, and guidance in righteous judgment shining in good works. Cherished and obeyed, these lessons transform character so they become a holy people showing forth His praises who called them from darkness into light. They wear His yoke and learn His meekness and lowliness, walk in the sunshine of His presence on a clear path with His righteousness before them and God their rereward behind, constantly receiving His presence and reflecting it in encouragement and self-denial to win others. Each united soul is like a lamp in God's house receiving from Christ and passing on to others, with Christlike love and forbearance proving the change. Educating the soul in faith, talking faith, living faith and acting faith until faith increases brings them to strong manhood and womanhood with the Sun of Righteousness rising with clearest rays, diffusing hope and joy rather than groaning as under a hard taskmaster.
United to Christ as branch to vine and filled with His Spirit through living connection, communion, prayer and feeding on the Word, their light grows brighter as selfishness and sin are driven away and is passed to others with increasing supply. Christ dwelling in the heart becomes visible to those met, and truth first planted in the heart by the Holy Spirit governs life and then appears in words, actions and business dealings. Like lamps they must first receive Christ's grace, with hearts continually replenished by accepting His love in order to reveal what they possess. Close connection puts away hindrances and makes holy in conversation, turning the mind from dress and food and faultfinding to heaven and heavenly things, bringing peace and drawing God near. Like the sun dispelling darkness, consistent lives with cheerfulness and courage spread truth and drive away ignorance and superstition to illuminate dark places.
Christ's imputed righteousness and merits shine through hearts and characters when sins are taken away, bearing His yoke and unveiling redemption, while its absence shows little faith and unwillingness to work. Receiving and acting on every ray sent, with His righteousness covering shortcomings as the burden is carried in faith, makes the light visible in life and work. Taking hold of Christ by faith makes a new creature whose light-bearing follows from receiving His righteousness as gift, relying on His wisdom for ignorance and His strength for weakness. Thorough reformation produces the fruits of the Spirit and makes a help and blessing rather than a hindrance. Witness must carry Christ and living guiding principles within, otherwise like salt without savor it is ineffective and of no value to the world. The lived gospel as good tidings brings light to the soul and then shines outward in good works and saving properties of truth, keeping sin-hardened souls from perishing and leading men to glorify the Father.
Reflecting the fulness found in Christ by receiving and imparting God's bounty reveals unselfish love, transforms hearts to partake of divine nature, and illuminates earth with heaven's radiance. Constantly receiving and imparting represents Christ's love and beneficence, reflects His glory to God's praise, and reveals God's love and goodness to the world. The light must burn continually, kindled by heaven's glory, with truth dwelling within in purifying power to enlighten the whole world through brightness of life. Every person can become light by accepting the light, every ray of it, because God gave all heaven in one gift. Becoming that light means not sitting down at home but working to build one another up in most holy faith until a tidal wave pours over the people, coming as they are, consecrated and disciplined to show the distinction between lovers of God and lovers of Satan.
The light of Jesus shining in hearts is to shine openly through followers like a city on a hill, which requires lifting up Jesus before the people so good works are visible and lead to glorifying God. Self must not stand between the light and the people but be hidden behind Jesus so truth shines clearly and guides. Disciples fulfill the command by bringing all heaven possible into this life, turning from perishable things, taking hold of eternal life, bringing the Father's love into heart and life, and leaving a bright track heavenward for others. Living in the light of God's countenance they reflect His glory around, and bringing heaven's light into religious service places Jesus' religion on the high plane where the Bible places it. Linked to God and heaven, knowing His love and compassion, their presence communicates heaven's purity and holiness with light and joy. Dwelling on self and imperfections keeps in darkness; looking to Jesus' willingness and power to save all who come in faith, with Christ formed within as hope of glory, makes faithful users of abilities a light going like the sun from east to west to lighten and warm those in darkness.
Those who have received truth cannot help shining amid moral darkness, and knowing truth in thought is not enough but each must kindle light from the divine altar and let it shine through service. Conversion awakens desire to share Jesus and saving truth that dispels darkness and cannot be hidden, with even one person's faithful effort bringing light to sinful unbelievers. Those in responsibility must lift the cross daily, hold fast to Jesus, gain victory over Satan, and work constantly with God rather than backslide into nominal religion. Coming into right relation makes light-bearers, and being fully awake, knowing the time and constrained by God's power to diffuse distinctly revealed truth, marks bright shining lights; those refusing after great light will see God use those with less light. Through open communion with heaven, rays of God's glory can fill hearts, and the light of God's glory seen in Jesus can shine on and through people, so the world is not left in darkness but mercy continues. Receiving that glory through Jesus makes lights in a world otherwise facing judgment.
Those whose lives are hid with Christ rest in the Sun of Righteousness while satanic blackness closes about the world, letting faith pierce the darkest cloud and diffusing light by talking faith, hope and courage. Open unhidden givers of spiritual light, centered in Him alone, rejoice in His light with simple earnest trust that glorifies His name and makes them all light in the Lord. Words and thoughts matter: doubt strengthens unbelief while hope, courage, light and love strengthen faith and fortify against moral darkness, and what is beheld and discussed shapes the soul. Placing themselves under the bright beams expels dwelling on doubts and trials, and joyful trust testifies to unreserved commitment. Those entrusted with responsibility are light by staying connected to God as the source of wisdom and serving as channels of His light. Only that connection makes competent for right decisions, wise plans and counsels for present truth, with Bible precepts carried into everyday life rather than trusting human wisdom. Ministers vitally connected represent Him as light through union, needing the Holy Spirit to burn and shine and receiving free grace and wisdom from above to act with understanding.
Those surrendered to Christ become light by union of human with divine through lifting up the cross until charged with divine power to enlighten the earth. Lifting Calvary high, absorbing the mind and concentrating thought upon it until faculties are charged direct from God, concentrates all energies in genuine work and sends forth beams as living agencies communicating incarnate love and His glory by talking, praying, singing and proclaiming abroad while pressing to regions beyond. Allied to Christ and partaking of divine nature they stand independent of the world yet constantly shining, identified with suffering humanity and working with heavenly intelligences without exalting self, in unity of word, life and action with His mind and Spirit and brotherly love in deed and truth. Those formed into strong spotless characters through faith in Jesus are lights that Satan cannot destroy or neutralize. Valuing the soul as the cross reveals God's estimate, they reflect that light to others, receive the Word with open mind, commune with God, rely on the Saviour, and form steadfast morally independent character able to endure danger and the trials before the day of God. Resolutely true to God, doing His will, retaining integrity, placing the will on God's side, refusing to copy defective humans or use another's failure as excuse, and making Christ the pattern in meekness under His yoke secures against ruin until the will itself consents.
Disciples in the storm are called to be the light of the world with lives serving a purpose for others while Christ watches over them with tender care. Followers are the light as they grow in spiritual strength and discern Christ's character, while contention, faultfinding and misrepresenting one another dishonor God and work against that light by trying to put it out in one another. Believers begin as a little glimmer and then multiply and grow stronger until together they are the world's light. God makes people light as co-working agents putting light into minds, requiring Christ living within and tender compassionate brotherly love revealed in every contact. Opening the heart's door lets Jesus fill with warmth of love and goodness so every contact shows the Saviour, while lowering the standard misrepresents the true Minister. Communing with God and growing in moral excellence makes channels of light and wisdom, but mere knowledge and advantage without sanctifying love do not make a light, and without unselfish love even Scripture knowledge and preaching cannot truly represent Christ.
Being light requires gaining deep rich experience by devoting all ability to seek knowledge and strength from God and loving one another as Christ loved. Reaching heights and sounding depths with sanctified powers to discern Christ's character requires sweet communion and knowledge of the future life, while strife, questioning, faultfinding and misconstruing brethren dishonors God and prevents it. Seeking first the kingdom under the bright beams of the Sun expels selfishness and worldliness rather than walking in self-kindled sparks, cultivating piety, a meek quiet spirit, human sympathy and daily use of opportunities to represent Jesus without anxious worry. Believers are to be light by striving to answer Christ's prayer, and becoming this light meets the need for much work to be done. Those embracing truth are to flash light upon darkened minds of hundreds, a great work for which God must fit them. Believers become a light and saving power when Christ fills them with the Holy Spirit, He having clothed divinity with humanity and been tempted without sin to break Satan's control. Laying aside crown and robe so humanity touching humanity could lay hold on divinity gives power to escape corruption through lust, and Spirit-filled followers send out God's message so others see love revealed in Christ and are led to Him. One whom God makes willing can be a channel of His pardoning love and must not be discouraged for not conforming to others' opinions, lest intercepting such a worker turn away light God intends for the world.
Light Seen in Truth and Works
The light is truth itself, the Word and the life, including Bible truth and present truth and the sacred deposit entrusted with talents to be multiplied, proclaimed, taught and carried as a burning lamp so that people may see, receive and be led to Christ. It is not to be concealed but placed where it can reach everyone, including those in neglected cities, and hiding it leaves people in darkness while letting it shine through faithful lives makes truth visible and spreads it through the world by kindling further lights. As Abraham was chosen not merely as a friend of God but as a medium to communicate divine privileges to the world, so every genuine Christian is appointed for the world's sake and not for self, to let religion go forth as a power to bless those in moral darkness rather than keeping it selfishly under lock and key. No one can shine upon others until first gathering the divine rays from the Word and receiving the divine mould of character to become a true representative, grasping salvation by faith, weaving it into life and practicing it as a blessing to the whole race, and those who have a true hold upon Christ must be as earnest and particular to fill their place as ministers unto righteousness as Christ was when He traveled on foot, hungry and weary, relieving sickness as the mighty Healer.
Shining is seen in good works, godly character and service that lead beholders to glorify the Father in heaven and not the workers, bringing happiness and strength, while mere profession without a life shaped by faith fails. Like a city on a hill the witness cannot be hidden, and its example and deeds are to make righteousness clear and attract others to investigate and embrace truth, spreading light and dispelling moral darkness as the rising sun scatters night's shadows. For physicians and sanitarium workers, especially leading physicians, this means not confining influence and talents to one institution or routine work but setting light where it benefits believers and unbelievers by speaking truth as widely as possible, since neglecting open witnessing hides the light and can result in souls lost.
Goodness of character, right principles, truthful words, patience under provocation, integrity, active kindness, cheerfulness, courage and practicing taught truths make lives shine, prove truth and carry life through the world. Patient forbearance under provocation and good works reveal true piety and lead people to glorify God, and righteous actions make example a power for good that moves others to accept the light of truth. This requires reflecting Jesus and not a human leader, walking as He walked in humility, purity, meekness, patience and faithfulness, representing God's character through obedience, meekness and lowliness learned from Christ, with encouragement and self-denial, and light-bearers are to show no quarreling or backbiting so the world sees no dissension among them.
The witness is shown in obedience to God's Word and law rather than human traditions, in distinct holy living, justice, equity, mercy and love, in Sabbath witness, in temperance reform even at temporal sacrifice, and in control of appetite, dress and conversation. Those who believe and practice truth present it as it is in Jesus, unmixed with error, and reveal its saving and preserving power through genuine goodness, Christlike character, words and actions, making truth stand out clearly from customs and practices of the world because people form their view of God from those who profess to serve Him. God's children are not to show a character just like the world or live for show and parade, display and self-indulgence, but to be doers of the Word, elevated above customs, practices and policies of the world with an influence in the home reaching every member, living in the world yet not of it, loyal to higher laws, keeping commandments from love, refusing customs and fashions suited to unsanctified hearts, taking Christ's life as standard, living and speaking and acting as born-again sons and daughters and citizens of heaven with soul-windows open toward heaven and closed earthward. The world will never be converted by conformity to its evil practices but by distinct influence and example as much higher, purer and nobler than the sinner's ways as the heavens are higher than the earth, never stooping to anything low, cheap, questionable or suspicious, practicing simple truth and heavenly principles amid moral darkness.
Reflecting heaven's light directs sinners' minds to God, awakens high views of Christian purity, preserves the world from corruption as salt preserves, and holds back judgments, while defective character, quarreling and worldly principles dim the light and turn people away. Followers have no light of their own but reflect heaven's light to dispel the moral darkness of a world lying in sin, and in the last days this light dispels the darkness of ages as those who learned truth reach the ignorant and share knowledge of God's word. Jesus Himself, who is the light of the world, gives disciples a part in His work of shedding light on a sin-darkened world.
Disciples must reveal God by pure noble character as Daniel did amid moral darkness and opposition, and walking in received light brings more light that Satan cannot extinguish. The steadfast integrity of Daniel and his companions before Babylon's king illustrates visible testimony that cannot remain hidden, and Daniel's pure holy conduct impressed Darius, showing that a life with God first makes an observable witness recognized as having been with Jesus and requiring undivided affections. God's people are to hold firmly to His Word and let its light shine amid moral darkness and increasing opposition until the close of earth's history, and as they walk in light received God gives more light and strength to glorify Him.
God's people work together with God maintaining His honor by faithful care for obligations, lifting the bowed and comforting mourners. Their light shines as people see good works and glorify the Father, and this practical mercy in words and deeds reveals God's glory and makes His character known. God makes His coworkers lights to bring light to understanding, revealing the Saviour through them when Christ lives within and His love, goodness, compassion, tender-heartedness and kindness shape how they treat others.
Christ's example imparts light seen through good works, gracious words and merciful deeds, and the truly converted reflect Christ wherever they are. A converted person represents the Saviour through Christlike words and deeds, showing daily faith in the sin-bearer and revealing love, hope, longsuffering, patience and kindness by denying self, taking up the cross and following Jesus in true noble character. Teachers fulfill this by showing in life the gracious qualities seen in Christ's character and work, representing His character and Spirit, with the Saviour beside them giving words to speak and guiding them in showing His excellence.
Shining amid moral darkness is done by a well-ordered life and godly speech with tender sympathy and practical care for the wounded, tempted and lost, and by personal efforts to save souls. Christlike spirit, heavenly conversation and self-denying, self-sacrificing, blameless conduct have convincing saving influence leading unbelievers toward truth and obedience, representing Christ on earth. Converted people need not strive to shine, for divine light in them penetrates and dispels darkness without becoming dark by association, and their changed lives and words naturally draw others through earnest desire to see people saved, with steady practical care including food and clothing rather than flickering fitful light, and with hearts responding to human suffering in unselfish giving of self.
Light is seen through fruitful service and good works that bring glory to God, not through self-importance. Christ's people must exert positive influence as living epistles known and read of all men, with diffusive and aggressive gospel work through them. Their daily lives should exemplify principles taught so Christian character shines steadily and reaches those who might otherwise resist belief, with influence constant and not brief or uncertain, communicating light to everyone met by pure thoughts, noble words and conduct reflecting the gospel, becoming a holy people whose lives bring praise to God. When the church is united in Christ and reflects His character in love, humility and holiness it becomes a region of light and usefulness, but when too much like the world its light is not reflected.
Their great work is to reveal in experience the true light in distinction from all other lights, revealing Christ and thereby the Father. They are to live under the direct rays of the Sun of Righteousness and let every soul communicate light, giving light to all in the house with the world as the house, not covering light with worldly policy nor measuring how much they can afford to give. They have no light of their own but reflect heaven's light while Christ speaks through them, representing Christ rather than themselves and bearing witness to Him, declaring that God is light not merely with words but through lives whose good works can be seen. Those entrusted with knowledge of truth are to be light-bearers not quarreling over truth but persuading men to accept it, following Christ who laid aside riches and glory to seek the sinful, erring and unhappy, humbled Himself in human nature to make men pure and upright and free from defilement, suffered and gave His all, and they are to live filled with good works and in meekness and faith sow seeds in hearts of all for whom He died that will bring forth fruit unto righteousness.
The entrusted light must be reflected steadily in work with actions corresponding to received truth, with faith and zeal pressing back moral darkness rather than remaining inactive. Through words and actions believers make truth and holiness known and help others come to truth, but if they turn from that light it becomes darkness, and when they fail to live by light received darkness follows in proportion to light neglected. When workers seek God's presence and allow the Spirit to cleanse them they receive light and reflect it to those around, while indifference and unfaithfulness make them a hindrance.
Lives should shine into darkness bringing light and warmth, and like the sun dispelling night a true follower carries Christ's influence into the world in good works and love to those in error, continued through His ordained servants. Only those with attributes marking them as children of God can be the light and truly represent Christ, gathering His divine rays and reflecting them, going forth as the sun on its errand of mercy and love, and those whose hearts and characters are shaped by the Holy Spirit become lights whose lived biblical faith has spreading influence wherever present. Light comes from divine light shining from Christ and is shown by representing Him in conduct with Christlike sweetness, refusing advantage, guarding a neighbor's interests as one's own, and giving true witness before men and angels.
Christ calls disciples light to represent Him as He represented love by giving His life and placing Himself where He could bless the world, requiring every soul to help every other soul possible and not let souls suffer without help. This letting shine is by holding back hasty words and loving one another with Christlike forbearance and love, so converting power comes through the churches in an awakening to tell souls perishing in sin, with those who received love and illumination helping those who do not know the better way and using Spirit-sanctified social influence to win them. Light is shown by sharing with others the knowledge God gives, including revealed purposes and the will disclosed in prophecy, which brings solemn responsibility. Words and works convey pure principles of truth and holiness to enlighten and win others, with divine and human agents working together in proclaiming prophecy and the warning message, and character and conduct reflecting truth professed.
Those living now have greater light and privileges than many faithful people of earlier ages and therefore greater responsibility to represent Christ, follow His example and spread truth. Christians as children of the heavenly King have public responsibility to live as the light, and knowing the Master's will without following it leaves them without excuse at the judgment. The world watches their words and actions expecting self-denial and sacrifice, and their conduct shapes impressions of Bible religion, showing the advantage of Christianity over worldliness and that truth has made them children of the King and channels of love and mercy, with love for God and obedience to commandments as the basis of witness and each believer responsible to influence others for good as a missionary among those met.
The verse means God's people are to bless others with their light and do good so the world is better for their having lived. They must not keep truth to themselves or hide influence but share it with those who want to walk in light, studying Scripture, forming Christian character and faithfully doing entrusted work so example shows they have been with Christ and learned from Him, spreading from one to another, magnifying God's name and helping others, so that even efforts seeming small can ultimately shine widely, and children disciplined to develop character can live as that light fitted to shine in God's presence forever. Giving light to a wicked world means receiving and revealing the truths contained in the sanctuary, requiring letting go of sinful corrupting practices and gaining an experience that makes one feel at home in heaven, for being satisfied with only a twilight glow and merely stepping over the threshold scarcely fulfills the calling. Christ's love in the heart cannot be hidden but reaches others like a refreshing spring by blessing and uplifting with love and sympathy, shown by working as He did with love, tenderness and sympathy toward all God's creatures.
Church as God's Light Bearer
The church is the Lord's appointed light-bearer to shine amid the moral darkness of a corrupt and sinful generation, a city set on a hill that stands visible and cannot be hidden. Its witness is to increase in power to dispel the darkness crowded upon the world by Satan in a degenerate age, shining in strong rays through genuine piety rather than mere profession, with zeal and earnest self-denial and self-sacrifice proportioned to divine and human resources, opportunities and privileges. Like a lighthouse guiding ships through danger and warning sailors, its faithful witness helps those struggling with temptation and facing loss of eternal life, for people unseen depend on that light, and when the world comes between the church and Christ the witness dims and souls may be lost. The aggressive power of the gospel is in proportion to the genuine faith, piety and example of believers, and a disunited state offends God and bears a bad and harmful testimony to the world. Through ages of moral darkness and through centuries of strife and persecution, from age to age through successive generations to the present, she stands visible while the pure doctrines of the Bible unfold within her.
Though enfeebled and defective in appearance, she is the one object on earth on which Christ bestows His special love and regard, dearer to God than anything else in the world and guarded by Him with jealous care, the theater of His grace where He delights to show mercy on human hearts. She is God's fortress and city of refuge held in a revolted world, made up through history of faithful souls taken into covenant with God, uniting the church on earth with the church in heaven and served by holy angels, so the gates of hell cannot prevail against her. She stands apart from the counterfeit church over which Satan presides, whose members are children of disobedience who choose sin, make void God's holy law and mingle evil with good, while Christ's city seeks to separate evil from good and expel wrong from heart and life. Though the church is weak and flawed and needs reproof, warning, counsel, restoration and healing of backslidings because God has a work for it to do, those who yield to God are changed from darkness into lights in a wicked and crooked generation and become Christ's fellow workers in drawing others to God, their Christlike experience preparing them to suffer with Him and share His glory. She is not to be pronounced Babylon, for God has thoughts of love and mercy toward her, and God guides and instructs His people and attaches the greatest importance to the church's actions even when others regard them as foolish or insignificant.
The church is pictured as a temple of living stones laid closely together, stone fitting to stone into a solid building that assumes divine proportions before the world as the light of the world, a city set on a hill which cannot be hid. Its members differ in size and form, large and small, each with its own crevice to fill and each in its appointed place, and each stone's value is measured by the light it reflects to the world. God gives talents and powers to be used in proper relation to one another so the church can represent its Designer, and it is His plan that all who profess His Word fill their respective places in the great work for this time. Cut away from the world by truth, they are brought into the Lord's workshop to be shaped with ax, hammer and chisel from rough misshapen stones and polished until fitted for an exact place in God's building, and when the temple grows to completion each is a living and precious stone catching and reflecting God's glory, giving light and showing by that light preparation for a home in the kingdom of God. As they share what they have received from God their faith is strengthened and their knowledge increases.
The organized and acknowledged church is Christ's appointed channel of light for the enlightenment and salvation of men, which He respects and has ordained, and He does not sanction religious light and experience independent of His recognized followers on earth but directs convicted sinners to the church to learn what to do. Christ is the fountain of light, truth and salvation, and the church is His organized body on earth and channel of communication through which He enlightens men, with appointed ministers acting in His stead, directing repentant sinners in the way of life by His name and authority. Even Saul, though directly convicted by Christ and intended as a chosen vessel for a most important work under blind error and prejudice, was not personally taught the truth by Christ but was placed in communication with the church to be instructed in the Christian religion. Ananias, in touching Saul's eyes that they might receive sight and laying hands on him in prayer in Christ's name for Saul to receive the Holy Ghost, acted in Christ's stead and by Christ's name and authority, showing that Christ's ministers on earth are appointed to act for Him as the channel of communication, and personal independence from Christ's acknowledged followers is condemned.
Ancient Israel was given a strategic place among the nations as a beacon to surrounding nations to reveal His glory through lives shaped by God's law. This was true of Joseph in Egypt and of Israel among the surrounding nations, of Israel delivered from slavery among idolaters becoming a light in the desert and showing the Egyptians the way, with God's light continuing through Israel's generations and borne by faithful witnesses even in captivity. Daniel, his companions and Mordecai shone in Babylon's royal courts, and the light and truth revealed to Daniel through vision have continued to shine through the ages and will shine to the end of time. Israel shone as the light during the early part of Solomon's reign, when the king's righteousness and wisdom and the people's noble character continually witnessed to the nations the power and greatness of Jehovah. Christians with greater privileges and light should shine even more brightly and spread that light everywhere, through seeing truth and its value above selfish plans and loving God supremely and neighbors as themselves, revealing God through purity, benevolence, love and other heavenly principles so good works and Christlike lives display the Father's mercy and goodness, lead others to glorify Him and give the world a glimpse of heaven's excellence.
This teaching applies to the work carried on wherever church offices are established: Christ's truths are to be understood and practiced there, so that His followers share in His labors and rewards, with light shining through good works bringing glory to the Father. As the church on earth, Christ's followers are to be the world's light and represent the church above and show the praises of God who called them out of darkness into His light, following Jesus in heart-purity and love and present truth as it is in Him. Those who follow Jesus walk in the light on a path shining increasingly toward the perfect day, with example helping others heavenward, and working with Jesus to reflect light to others is important. Christ gathers them as a church to teach them to put off the world and prepare for heaven, bringing Christ into homes and living by the principles that governed His life and representing Him to others. Being lights for God both in the church and in the world means working the works of Christ according to varied capabilities, placing soul, body and spirit on His side as His human hand to impart His love to those outside the fold, living self-denying self-sacrificing principles and love for God that separated them from the world, loving one another as Christ loves them in Christian fellowship blended in harmonious action at the cross through faith that works by love and purifies the soul, receiving grace for grace as they give to others, kept in spiritual nearness to God and reflecting Christ's image.
Light-bearers must recognize individual responsibility to represent the truth, for the calling applies to every person to whom Christ has revealed Himself, not only to ministers or ordained ministers. Every true believer united with Christ catches bright beams from Christ the Morning Star and transmits that light to those in darkness, beginning amid darkness in his own neighborhood and extending as the church together goes forth to regions beyond, with Christ and His people as co-partners in saving the world. Communion with God leads disciples to seek fellowship with others and express God's love through words and actions, going out to seek the lost, sharing truth and the invitation of mercy and helping bring wanderers back to God. The light passed on endures: it becomes darkness to those who refuse to walk in it but shines ever more brightly on the path of those who obey, and the church is the light when its members actively share light by helping people come to Christ and making God's truth visible through work.
God will not leave His people with no new light but they are to get more light from the throne of God and have increase of light, for faithful people are made radiant with His word and His Spirit gives light that drives away moral darkness. The message now given is not a grand new light but old light brought up and placed in new settings, the same most wonderful light Jesus gave when He spoke from the cloudy pillar. Those enlightened by truth are to be light bearers and walk in the light and share what they have received, for hiding light is a serious mistake, and those who receive present truth are to reflect it, putting away selfishness and sharing experience to help the needy and encourage those in darkness, receiving light to pass it on.
Religion is meant to spread truth and benefit others, not remain narrow or selfish, and like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden its witness is visible. Those who serve God are to carry this light near and far while also strengthening unity, for believers united as a church are to be light through fellowship, mutual support, love and sympathy in shared work of leading people to Christ under the Holy Spirit's direction through faith and prayer. Christ's workers are a visible witness through unity, one in purpose despite differences of mind and ideas, making power and principles of truth evident and increasing influence, helping the world believe the Father sent Him. A church united in truth and Christlike love is bright visible light, with every member active in carrying light Christ sends to all parts of the world and helping save souls, each new convert welcomed and given work, and from conversion those receiving Christ reflect His glory.
The church is entrusted with sacred truth to share, and each member's light is to guide sinners back to God, with active zealous work making the church healthy and its light keeping shining along the way to heaven, because failing brings terrible consequences, and a right view of heaven helps workers serve intelligently as heaven approves. God placed the church in the world to shine, with believers receiving light from God its source and reflecting it through good works and lives marked by Christ's purity and simplicity, while self-indulgence and pursuit of control spread darkness instead. The church can shine only by drawing near to God and living in close connection with Him, sustained by the Holy Spirit and abiding principles keeping members in truth, with a believer of genuine missionary spirit becoming a public witness to genuine faith. God designs life-giving beams to shine through individual members into dark places of earth and into every benighted soul so the whole earth is lightened with His glory, and those looking for the Saviour's return must bring all powers into active service, pledging by baptism to live truth openly and use abilities to spread the gospel so that as talents are used the church becomes light.
God has set His people in elevated position above the world as repository of sacred truth, and every individual with present truth must develop it on a higher scale than before and not work in narrow selfish lines, accountable for influence exerted and either glorifying or dishonoring Him by filling that position. They receive rays of heaven's light necessary for coming emergency and must discern, appreciate, accept and act upon them to reflect light and attract others to the source, for refusing God's message does not stop His work but brings great loss and withholds designed light from others. Even the most educated disciples can do only little in reflecting, yet everyone can do something, with every day bringing privileges for unselfish efforts, requiring good example, weighing results, viewing conduct from others' standpoint and recognizing sins of omission as well as commission, since neglect fails to supply one's link in God's great work. The sanctuary light burning continually symbolized this calling never to grow dim or go out, and God's people are lights by obeying His commandments through which He reveals power, with the light of His law filled with promises to be proclaimed so clearly it stands as a city on a hill open and visible so every willing mind can understand and become members of the royal family. Churches advocating God's law give light when they keep it, depart from iniquity, present truth as in Jesus and live under its subduing sanctifying refining influence as clean vessels leavened with Bible religion, pure steadfast unmovable abounding in Jesus' love, purified by repentance and heart-searching, so influence goes forth and power attends the solemn warning to all peoples and light is reflected everywhere.
The church is to be light by allowing God to reveal His character through members whose lives show Christ's gentleness, forbearance, meekness, self-restraint, earnestness and diligence as the Holy Spirit works on minds and hearts. God makes faithful members radiant with His word, and His Spirit works through them to give light driving away moral darkness, upholding pure principles in dealings with believers and unbelievers and never using selfishness, authority or opportunity to disadvantage another. True believers are the light of church and world with great work as God's true messengers of healing taught of God, imbued with His Spirit and sanctified as sons and daughters, accepting the Word as counselor and imparting it, diffusing light by giving the engrafted Word and speaking Christ's words, showing daily conversion in conversation and deportment as a spectacle to world, angels and men through whom God is glorified and healing and encouragement are brought. When believers gather as a church and establish places for worship, education and service, the light of truth shines clearly, giving marked power and setting them on ground independent of the world.
Ministers and sentinels of truth as lightbearers must stand firmly and reflect heaven's light by presenting truth in contrast with error even while Satan makes masterly efforts to suppress it. They must let no fear of man or desire for patronage obscure a ray, but with moral courage do God's work unflinchingly, giving no place to self-love or selfish considerations, crying aloud to sound warning and defend God's dishonored law and Sabbath. If they fail they are unworthy, the standard will fall from their hands and the Lord will raise faithful others to carry light, for ministers especially given great light and precious opportunities are accountable and must not betray sacred trust, with hearts reflecting more of Christ and less of self. All connected with God's work, even foreign missionaries and medical workers, are to be lights carrying pleasing influence as laborers together with God, which requires being emptied of self as vessels unto honor with hearts imbued with Christ's Spirit, for weaving worldly maxims with truth, cherishing unsanctified principles and selfish plans, failing to distinguish God's truths from men's frauds, professing godliness while shutting out eternal realities and bartering security for advantage disqualifies them. A minister vitally connected to Christ the Chief Shepherd becomes a living representative and true light, sanctified by presented truth so preaching enlightens consciences rather than offering theory, and as ministers depend on God and look to Christ as Christ looked to the Father the Holy Spirit makes them a blessing to the church enabling Christ's works and reflecting God's brightness.
The church is light when it keeps to simple truth exemplified by Christ, whose simplicity makes it a power for good, with every gift, talent and ray entrusted to win souls leaving no ground for self-exaltation. The church is to be built up as a living church through piety and devotion imparted by the Spirit so members can serve as light, united in truth and love and appointed to shine through grace and Spirit and combined service of members and angels. Churches living as God intends help many be saved, but unbelief, faultfinding and false witness work against unity and love, so hearts must be converted and purged, with light revealed when inward faith opens the heart to duty amid coming trials and lying wonders by drawing near to God, repenting lukewarmness and selfishness, returning lent goods to His treasury and giving offerings. The Holy Spirit is given to the church not only to one person or ministry but works through individual members to reveal Christ's character and present divine truth, and when they seek no glory and walk humbly the Lord guides them and their light shines amid moral darkness, remaining humble obedient and guided by the Word so the inner light does not become darkness.
Churches are charged to let truth shine by holding up Christ as the only hope, requiring order, humility and faithful working and growing as fruit-bearing branches of the living Vine and laborers together with God whose prayers go forth as sharp sickles with those proclaiming truth in the harvest field. Holy angels preside in councils and assemblies of such churches and work to set things in order so light can shine, with churches on earth thus cooperating with heaven though success may provoke hostility. Churches brought into working order can shine making influence of truth visible throughout a state, closely connected with God through Christ in self-denial, cross-bearing, vitality, truth, love and godliness, with devotion and piety not grand buildings or costly display as strength, everything done making favorable or unfavorable impression on Christ and truth. The church today would be light if God's people learned self-denial and self-sacrifice showing God's unselfish liberal character by faithfully returning tithes and giving offerings instead of robbing Him, and by imparting abundance of blessing and sacred elevating sanctifying gospel truths to work barren fields and plant truth in new places.
The light of truth reached people through carriers such as reformers who left Geneva and brought it to their own lands where it confronted darkness, and those following Huss's example of giving self to God alone, exalting God and taking Scripture as guide become lights through faith, courage and steadfastness, his faithful life and martyrdom reflecting light through centuries to encourage endurance unto death. As light, members are to serve as living messengers proclaiming a living message in the last days. It is God's purpose that His people be sanctified purified holy people communicating light by exemplifying truth so they become a praise in the earth and bear expected harvest, with Christ's grace sufficient but enjoyed in fulness and power only as they believe and work out gospel principles and use God-given capabilities, for reaching only worldly measurement leaves the church failing and found wanting. When they meet they should bring spiritual light together in simplicity, meekness, mutual confidence and love so meetings refresh and strengthen, for cold prayers and testimonies edifying no one cast darkness instead of light. A church should not keep benefit of others' labor to itself but pass on received light by helping others and making spiritual light visible.
Mission to the Whole World
The calling is for the world's sake and not for self or the church alone, to shine wherever believers are beyond the church, scattering rather than gathering into large churches or concentrating together, carrying light into neglected places, highways, hedges, new fields and unworked parts to the ends of the earth. Faith is not meant to remain private or confined to home life, but Christ's life within is to shine out in active witness with urgency to reach and save others, placed where it can reach everyone rather than concealed. Those who have the truth are channels called to let it shine into different parts of the world, laboring to reach the highest standard as representative men and women whose influence shows the truth has sanctified the soul, growing up into the stature of Christ through meditation and prayer while angels attend the solemn work. They should not keep repeating the same teaching only within their churches while the world perishes, but become living missionaries presenting truth to those ready to perish, shining wherever they are and in surrounding places.
The witness is to be made visible by every means, including words of warning and appeal, missionary work in every line, the printed page and press, circulating books and tracts, camp meetings held where the public can hear, and work in large cities where interest is alive. As light received from heaven is reflected to others, it kindles further light in many places, and hiding it leaves others in darkness. Camp meetings have greater influence in cities and towns where the message has not yet been proclaimed and public interest is alive, and ministers should help those around them and advance the work in large cities where many need help.
In the last days the light is present truth and the last warning message, including the first, second and third angels' messages and righteousness by faith, dispelling the darkness of ages as those who learned truth reach the ignorant with knowledge of God's word and spiritually nourishing teaching suited to their needs. Their good works lead others to glorify God, and in perilous closing days this requires waking out of sleep, being converted, and bearing a living testimony as a burning lamp taken from under the bushel to give light to all in the house. This demands ever-increasing missionary work until truth belts the world, sending workers into unworked fields and cities, following up awakened interest with diligent effort, and gathering souls and means for support, for to restrict the work through selfishness and leave cities unworked is to hide the light under a bushel.
Specific unworked fields and cities must be entered, including Memphis and New Orleans, San Francisco and Oakland and all other cities of California, Southern California and Los Angeles with a sanitarium for multitudes seeking health, Boston with sanitarium and tent work, New York and other cities, Washington D.C. as the nation's capital, Copenhagen, Nimes, Bushnell, Pacheco, Healdsburg and Iowa, and two or three families should start centers in the South. In cities thousands need help in many ways, so lives and service are to make the light visible and gospel work established so nearby people can receive help. Even a few disciples, as at Nimes where those who ceased transgressing God's law and firmly keep the Sabbath are the light, must let light shine in bright steady rays upon those in darkness, for God's church is the people who love God and keep His commandments even where only two or three are gathered.
The torch of truth kindled from the divine altar must be carried to the sin-darkened field of the colored people in the South, who through past slavery cannot help themselves and are left to become the sport of Satan's temptations, and neglect leaves a dark stain on the record of churches and servants that must be wiped out by redeeming the neglect through united universal action. Being the light requires both proclaiming and living the gospel, with the message ringing through the churches summoning them to act, but without blind zeal and without defiance of law. Excluding them by non-Christlike prejudice violates the calling, and it is shameful to leave the work almost undone with only scattering feeble efforts when so much light has been given, so men and women with moral courage must undertake it in humility putting faith in God rather than men. This extending influence includes searching out-of-the-way places, bringing in the poor that are cast out, speaking comfort, magnifying truth, and establishing training centers such as the school farm near Nashville and schools for educating colored youth to labor among their own race, which no one is to hinder by forbidding workers to go or threatening to withhold support.
God designs light to shine from many cities and localities and not from Battle Creek alone, as spirituality and usefulness and true representation of God in character shining by unselfish work and deep interest in establishing institutions elsewhere rather than covetousness and desire for more. Believers are saving beams to be diffused into darkened corners rather than consolidated in one place, requiring breaking up the concentrated mass, refusing to build a modern Jerusalem at Battle Creek, and establishing centers of influence and small sanitariums where nothing or next to nothing has been done. Young men and women are to be light-bearers by leaving centers with Bible in hand to enter new places and flash truth into the mist and fog of error, rather than being held in work that brings little benefit to the poor and few souls saved, and workers should be located in population centers where influence can reach others and missionary work expand. Present truth is to reach widely and not be kept confined to channels set by human control, and a soul-saving work established in one city can shine beyond it and kindle other lights in many places through the Holy Spirit.
The publishing work is the light and must shine with full brightness to all parts of the world through printed messages never dimmed, lowered, or cut to half illumination. The Pacific Coast paper God established must be kept in true elevated character and restored to original size with earnest zeal, with sacrifice in buildings, wages and other lines rather than in the paper, acting as a beacon in a lighthouse to warn souls, guide them to the haven of truth, and establish many with constantly increasing influence. Light has little value unless presented where people can see it, so the message must be made public, the publishing house placed where it stands out openly like a city on a hill, different books shared rather than hidden in publishing houses, and every justifiable means including the press and advertising used to draw attention, for feeble efforts are not enough. This includes placing the central publishing work near Washington and putting the Washington, D.C. imprint on books and papers, thereby showing before the nation that the work is not hidden and that what God has bidden is being done to proclaim the last message of mercy.
Understanding prophecy brings responsibility to proclaim the warning and unite with divine agencies, carrying a burden for advancement of God's work and realizing its importance for those standing on the verge of the eternal world. This means meeting the need of souls near and afar perishing for the bread of life and water of salvation, giving evidence of genuine faith in the last solemn warning, instead of absorbing money, thought and affection in selfish indulgence, strife over greatness, and mastery-seeking like bicycle racing through streets, which offends God and contradicts profession. Though facing contempt and persecution, disciples must remember their privilege and carry the gospel throughout the world, and the more humble and Christlike they are the more blessing will flow through them to humanity. Now is no time to become weakened and discouraged, but a time to humble the heart in confession of mistakes and sins and wait upon the Lord so spiritual strength is renewed, expecting strength and grace proportionate to trials and conflicts in the last days rather than giving way to worry, doubt, unbelief or worldliness. Each must work earnestly and prayerfully holding the torch to shed light upon willing and unwilling eyes, not becoming discouraged when others professing truth go astray, but faithful in all things representing Christ's compassion.
In every place those who accept truth are to be a light to surrounding people, scattered through towns, villages and cities to shine amid moral darkness by obeying Christ's teachings and continually seeking perfection of character. Through them God communicates heavenly truth to people in darkness who do not know the way of life and salvation, warning them to prepare for judgment and testifying to the coming Saviour. Even a few believers in a great city can each bear light by living by it and taking nearby opportunities, for daily example of holy purpose and unselfish love supports truth more powerfully than preaching without godly life, and thousands moved by God should actively share truth and serve communities lacking spiritual light.
Giving light includes opposing intemperance and its harm to character and families, lifting the fallen with a thousand workers where now there is one, using abilities and grace to help and win others especially tempted youth facing hardship, and making the Lord's work known in large cities including through camp-meetings where residents can be reached. Its light is most effective when truth is presented rightly and lived by its bearers, for selfishness, lack of consecration and defects of character obstruct its benefit and make truth unattractive, while righteous lives reveal its power, draw others to holiness, lead them to glorify God and become lights themselves. God depends on those who know the way to show it to others, having entrusted treasures of truth to men, requiring whole heart and entire affection with duty done and fruit borne and not mere profession without fruit. Small or great, learned or unlearned, rich or poor are under the same requirement to act according to ability or face guilt and peril, for inward grace appears in outward action and far-reaching influence comes not from eloquence or intellect but from faith, trust, learning in Christ's school, humility without vanity or self-centeredness, and hearts drawn out to bless others.
Shining requires self-denying action straining every nerve to raise up missionaries, educate workers, create funds to send laborers, enter new places, open the Scriptures and teach hungering people, instead of spending means on self-indulgence amid wickedness, idolatry, drunkenness and self-indulgence spread through cities. Being that light is proved by putting away selfish idols and sending means to God's house so laborers and missionaries can be paid and sent to souls hungering for truth, working faithfully as stewards to reach places still lacking the message until barren conditions change as desert becomes fruitful by irrigation. Every child of God has received light to diffuse and not to live to self, bringing all capabilities and education to honor God by imparting every ray and important truth in missionary fields, awakened by Christ's love and the cross as the central truth. Acting as missionaries includes circulating Christ's Object Lessons to help the Huntsville school and bring its instruction to people through useful service and good works.
The mission is to exert converting influence leading people from darkness and error to belief in truth, aided by visible good works and unity with God and one another helping the world recognize the Father's love. The whole church is to work together as an active missionary agency, gathering light from Christ the great Source and shining to people in darkness by meeting them where they are and flashing light upon their pathway, for darkness covers the earth and those in error blinded and deluded walk without knowing where they go. When renewed they desire to bring others to the Saviour and help them see God's word, and drawing nigh to God individually draws them nigh to one another with hearts blended in unity so God is glorified, the very atmosphere shining as Christ speaks and works through solidity of character, love and spiritual fruit. Being light includes caring for those who have not accepted truth and diligently laboring for neighbors by sowing truth wherever they live, speaking truth in love, inviting, studying Scripture, praying with them, serving, drawing them to Christ, and not neglecting to warn about sin. Their faith and works testify that the Saviour is coming soon and warn people to prepare, and they are not to withdraw into a circle of their own but befriend those who do not know truth to lead them to Christ.
Christians are called to work for others' salvation using the Bible to teach the way to life and deliver from Satan's power, and even when Sunday laws are passed Sunday can be devoted to God by teaching heaven's way. The light's benefits are for the whole world, not confined to one nation, church, book, occasional practice or personal observance, but to sanctify daily life, business dealings, work and social relations in contrast to hollow ceremony and separation. This public ennobling influence scatters error and reaches all nations and peoples through teaching and example, character formed within in practical piety, truthful conduct, integrity, active kindness and godly example, unlike the Pharisees' hollow observance which had no ennobling influence. Those entrusted with sacred truth are to carry it to enlighten all nations as God's representative to an apostate world, a chosen depositary of truths adapted to bless the entire world and not to be exclusive, maintaining distinct holy obedience to all commandments with the moral law of universal obligation exalted, representing mercy, goodness, compassion and love, standing above other nations in excellence of character and directing attention to God as wise supreme ruler until His praise is in all the earth.
God chose human ambassadors to carry His light to all parts of the world, putting light into the understanding and warmth into the soul of all who accept the message, though He could as easily have written truth on the heavens as He set the stars or proclaimed it by visiting angels. Those representing Christ receive light from Christ Himself and spread it through the darkness of a benighted world to the ends of the earth, with greater and still greater light beaming from the Redeemer's face to be diffused as laborers together with Him pray for sanctification to shine more brightly. Those entrusted with truth must communicate it so people in dark regions hear the saving message, for failure weakens the work, while those who use received light become channels to others and receive increased light, with opposition driving them to God's Word and earnest prayer which God hears. Under God's discipline and training by the Holy Spirit and heavenly agencies, every follower is appointed a channel to lead people from error and sin to truth and holiness, working with Christ to seek and save the lost by Christlike sympathy, love, self-denial and sacrifice for the needy.
Followers must shine in a world darkened by religious error through witness and good works and not merely talk, using every converted person and every gift, ability, jot of light and influence in Christ's service in perfect obedience. Those knowing present truth are to penetrate darkness as dense as that over the Jewish nation in Christ's day, trading upon every talent for the Lord and not self-pleasing with increasing consecration, efficiency and tact, for to see great light with large privileges yet cease witnessing is to walk the path of the Jewish nation and Laodicea like the servant who knew his master's will but did it not. God has called them out of darkness, entrusted sacred responsibilities, and set them to show His praises amid moral darkness, making the contrast between heaven's light and Satan's darkness clear by reflecting God's Word and revealing His holiness, goodness and love in words, abilities and affections to enlighten and save, with greater light bringing greater responsibility. Near the close of the great conflict, when many are to be rescued from slavery of sin, they are to stand in place exerting positive influence for good with the promise that Christ is with them always even to the end, letting light shine brightly so others see good works and glorify the Father.
In places like Africa such a lived light of principle, sobriety, watchfulness, prayer, faith and good works is the only Bible many can read, shining not by seeking prominence of the hill but by being firm, established, strengthened and settled with sound conscience and consistent holy living, much prayer, self-denial, lifting Christ's cross, following His footsteps and walking with God. Being the light does not mean going to a hilltop to shine or making a special wonderful display, but proclaiming truth in highways, byways and ordinary places by sensible rational methods without parade, fantastic or theatrical extravagance, in a way corresponding to the solemnity of the most solemn truth ever entrusted to mortals. The worker trained by Jesus reveals Christ's excellence by a life reflecting His character after Christ's own example avoiding the extraordinary, for sensation is not religion while true religion exerts pure sacred uplifting sanctifying influence bringing spiritual life, and fanciful display counterworks the gospel, wastes means and creates appetite for extravagance. Those called from the churches to reform are lights to all parts of the world not by wealth, eloquence, scholarship, position, display or great accomplishments, but by personal influence, gentleness expressing Christ's meekness and lowliness as partakers of divine nature, a fragrance-like influence reaching far, through delegated humble teachable consecrated workers united with Christ in perfect harmony receiving the oil of the Holy Spirit from the two anointed ones to make others laborers together with God.
Christ's people are lights serving as the Lord's mouthpieces by simple confident walk, unmistakable growth in spirituality, and a spirit of prayer and witness in work, turning decidedly to God, bringing Him into life and character, testifying what He has done, and working as living missionaries and epistles known and read of all men for souls around them out of Christ. God has qualified His people to enlighten the world and entrusted faculties to extend the work until it encircles the globe, in all parts of the earth by establishing sanitariums, schools, publishing houses and kindred facilities, and in many lands by medical missions as God's helping hand ministering to the afflicted. Physicians in sanitariums and medical missionary work bound by providence to this people are to use gifts together as an influence making present truth effective, communicating light and presenting faith to all classes and grades by conversion, humble study, reverence for the Creator instead of self-exaltation, and quietly weaving truth into work without offense, for when they fail light is withheld and souls remain unreached. This shining makes the gospel known to all classes as Christ Himself did, through different workers fitted for different people, some among the unfortunate and degraded and others especially fitted for higher classes whose influence would be lessened by associating largely with rescue work for outcasts.
Shining in Daily Life
The light must shine first from the home in clear, distinct rays rather than remaining private or confined to home life, through Christian practice with saving qualities, kind and helpful words, pleasant countenance bringing brightness and joy, restraint over mind, tongue and voice, subdued voice and wise judgment, and the love, honor and respect of husband and wife, with morning and evening worship and the influence of the Holy Spirit imbuing the household. Parents become lights to the world by sanctification of the truth within them, by correct habits, neatness and order, virtue and righteousness, and holiness of soul, body and spirit, learning meekness from Jesus and beholding His character unto improvement of manners, and by training children whose lives then show the light and carry holy influence into the church. The home is the school where parents and children gain preparation for the home above, and shining there stirs and breaks up false peace, bringing collision and even bitter opposition within the household when convicted members refuse to yield, yet reliance wholly on the freely imparted Spirit gives victory in every contest.
Inward grace is revealed in outward action at work and in business, for the calling requires the whole heart and entire affection, doing duty and bearing fruit and not merely professing knowledge, with small and great, learned and unlearned, rich and poor under the same requirement to act according to ability given. Being light-bearers in business life, even in mechanical lines, does not mean striving to display superior goodness, but having the soul imbued with heaven's principles so that contact with the world reveals the light within through honesty, uprightness and steadfast fidelity in every act, with sanctification and holiness brought into life and character, the eye single to God's glory and not double-minded or serving selfish purposes. This is Christianity in daily life, in business dealings and in professional work as a power in the earth, shown by faithful unselfish labor, self-denying temperance, simplicity in dress without extreme changes that disgust unbelievers, and cheerful pleasant speech, while selfish motives, careless words, indulged habits and uttered maxims sow a baneful harvest.
Sanitariums established in harmony with God's direction, schools, restaurants and publishing houses are to serve as true light-bearers and centers of light when conducted on Bible principles, reflecting Jesus, standing for reform, teaching health principles and reaching far and near, making truth clear rather than putting self forward. Their witness like a city on a hill cannot be hidden, and the light shines through good works so that people glorify the Father, with everyone under duty before God and workers to live so conduct gives a true representation of Christ. Those connected with the publishing office are channels of light to let it shine into different parts of the world by laboring to the highest standard as representative men and women, showing by influence that truth has sanctified the soul, growing up into Christ's stature through meditation and prayer, with angels round about as prayer ascends that truth handled may bring souls to Christ.
Physicians and sanitarium workers, especially leading and head physicians, must not confine talents and influence to one institution or to routine work but must place light where it can benefit believers and unbelievers, using influence in as wide a sphere as possible and speaking truth to others wherever they can reach them, so men see good works and glorify God. Neglecting this open witnessing hides the light and causes souls to be lost, while letting light shine means meeting unbelievers with wise counsel and instruction and presenting Bible truth and health reform faithfully without compromise on every possible occasion, so prejudice is broken down and souls are reached. Workers at St. Helena are to show practical godliness and those at Melrose to shine toward Boston, witnessing for Jesus with social influence sanctified by the Spirit to win people to the Saviour.
Teachers and students whose faith and knowledge of God influence others become lights when Christian character is evident, preparing missionaries to share what they have learned, with schools away from city temptations better preparing balanced characters. Youth in schools and guardians over them are to be channels of light by consecrating body and soul to Christ and moving steadily forward step by step, imparting as well as receiving while in school, giving to another each fresh thought from the Word or other studies instead of keeping it, thereby increasing in knowledge of Christ and showing others the way up the ladder of progress. Every youth and child has work for God's glory and the salvation of others, with strength, time and intellect belonging to God and entrusted for useful service to illuminate moral darkness.
Every soul, young or old, rich or poor, learned or unlearned, and every child is under solemn duty to let light shine according to ability through good works that glorify God, holding the light firmly and a little higher to light other lights. No one is to be discouraged if light is not great, for if it is only a penny taper faithfully held up and done with the very best, God blesses the effort and it can light many others and lead them out of darkness toward salvation, including serving neighbors and drawing them to Christ. This includes the poor, afflicted and obscure whose patient suffering and care for the hopeless make them lights, for Christians bought with a price belong to Christ and are not to live for own pleasure or glory but to use energies to build God's kingdom, raise up those ready to perish and save the lost.
Those who honor the Lord on earth with every capability of the mind, refusing a low standard, carry the gospel to those in darkness, warn of danger those who do not know God, meet evil with good, place heavenly advantages above earthly attractions, and live sanctified holiness in business and professional life with exactness and faithfulness. Their walk and talk with God lets the sacred influence of the gospel be seen, so truth goes forth like a burning lamp and lives show angels and humanity that hope of seeing God is worth effort and sacrifice. A few people whose light is clear and who have living piety, representing Christ through well-ordered life and godly speech with tender sympathy, kindness and practical care for the wounded, tempted and lost, and through personal efforts to save souls, are of greater value than many who merely profess faith or remain spiritually dead.
At the Review and Herald Office selfishness had corrupted the work and robbed it of its preserving, righteous influence, so its workers were failing to live as the light they were called to be in a world of darkness like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden. Even those who feel weak are to take up missionary work, consecrate themselves to Christ, and let light shine near and far through them to people in spiritual darkness. At meetings those who present truth are to reflect God's presence and serve as examples of this light, with earnest service and good works showing God is with them to bring light to people in darkness.
God's people are to share openly and without selfishness the knowledge and practical improvements God gives, so gifts benefit the whole cause rather than one person or one line of work, letting light shine before others by imparting knowledge and educating fellow workers. As living agents with hearts of flesh full of charity they are to manifest unselfish interest by helpfulness to those more needy, to brethren struggling under poverty and debt and to churches and institutions needing financial help in proportion as God has prospered, without jealousy or pushing other workers out or exalting self, curtailing large plans to aid struggling institutions and reserving funds to locate health institutions and small schools where they most benefit people. Every church member must qualify for the Master's work and then let light shine by training men of ability by precept and example to occupy positions of trust, instead of selfishly keeping knowledge from others.
An institution established to advance God's cause, especially a publishing house, is sacred and not common, set apart by the distinction between holy and profane to be a light in the world as a faithful witness for Him and a memorial of the Sabbath of the fourth commandment, with workers highly honored with a sacred charge to labor together with God in close connection with heavenly agencies in ability, service and unwearying vigilance. Believers make light visible by sharing useful knowledge constructively, counseling those responsible how an institution could improve and helping them act rightly, rather than merely spreading criticism without helpful guidance which harms workers and institution and does not diffuse light. God's clear light shines on the believer's path to guide each step and enable a life of usefulness and influence, meeting temporal and spiritual needs, honoring God, and letting words bring hope and comfort as witness to light received.
Keeping the Light Burning
To keep the verse is to live in the world without belonging to it, staying separate from its pleasures, amusements, customs, fashions, friendships and partnerships, obeying God's law and the prophets down to the least commandment, walking in self-denial in Christ's footsteps with the soul's windows open toward heaven so earthward windows close of themselves, and standing distinct from false beacons and every other system rather than mingling with the world until thought of God is lessened. The light shines through good works, virtuous lives and unselfish acts that lead others to desire righteousness and glorify the Father, and mere profession without a life shaped by faith fails the calling. When self is crucified and surrendered body, mind and soul, hidden so Christ appears as chiefest among ten thousand and hope of glory, godliness in thought, word and action is surrounded by peace and brightness of purity, honesty and unselfishness.
Keeping the lamp filled with oil and trimmed and burning requires living connection maintained by prayer, watchfulness, feeding on the Word and doing good, with the inner life spiritually nourished like a lamp kept burning. Gathering light from Christ and sending it in clear steady rays to cheer others, especially the weak in faith and hope, is done by good cheer, praise, love for Jesus, talk of His mercy and power, amiability and happiness, while complaining, dissatisfaction, mourning, sighing and gloom gather darkness, misrepresent Jesus, lose His love from the soul and leave one like a funeral pall and like the foolish virgins whose lamp has gone out. The remedy is to trim the lamp, pour in the oil of grace, be emptied of self to receive the heavenly oil, take Christ as strength, stop complaint, rejoice in a Saviour's love and receive healing of bitterness and the garment of joy, for worldly cares crowding out Scripture and prayer lose grace and power and deprive others of light, whereas personal consecration guides wanderers better than showy display.
The light is dimmed and truth dishonored when defective character, unsanctified temper, disposition, words and actions obscure the profession, making truth seem darker and turning people away instead of attracting them to investigate and embrace it as the rising sun scatters night. Worldly policy, measuring how much light to afford others, intimate friendship and association with worldlings that draws away from God, being swayed by evil influences, copying worldly practices or withdrawing in Pharisaical separateness, and allowing worldly principles to contradict profession all cover and dishonor the light. Thoughtless pleasure-seeking revelry, socials and festivals that put God out of mind, selfish spending such as the bicycle craze, candies and needless dress, and contention, faultfinding, disunity and evil influences misrepresent Christ and fail the duty to make truth visible through good works.
Letting the light shine breaks up false peace and brings collision and strife, often bitter opposition even in the household where convicted family members resent the intrusion, yet reliance wholly on the freely imparted Spirit gives victory in every contest. Transformed righteous lives draw more effectively than sermons, guiding from sin and making truth and holiness clear, leading others to glorify God and become lights themselves, while selfishness, lack of consecration and defects obstruct benefit and make truth unattractive. Witness must therefore stay among people rather than withdraw, reflect meekness, patience, gentleness, love and earnestness, meet people where they are, pray with them, work to a purpose without boasting or self-importance, and not needlessly stir prejudice, arouse combativeness or treat humanity as worthless, but be a savor of life unto life.
Every believer bears solemn responsibility to let light shine steadily without delay, using gifts, time, influence and money, teaching poor families to use energies and resources wisely, training other workers and imparting knowledge, for each united to Christ is a lamp receiving and passing light with increasing supply through beholding Him. Refusing to shine means losing the light and bearing grave guilt and blood of souls for doing so little, while sharing increases one's own light, enriches moral strength and brings joy to heaven. The call demands awakening to be as earnest to fill one's place as Christ was traveling on foot hungry and weary relieving sickness, representing Him to individuals everywhere by the Word and life, and acting as a minister in character, speech, devotion, zeal and effort to magnify Him.
Fitness to shine depends on genuine spirituality with Christ exalted and self-sufficiency, pride, desire for position and striving for supremacy put away, for wealth, education and knowledge of doctrine alone without inward holiness and vital connection do not reflect light. It requires discipline, earnest thought, prayer, diligently searching the heart, putting away everything unlike Christ, unlearning old habits, letting self and peculiar temperaments die, taking the Word and Christ's instruction as criterion, learning daily in His school and constantly increasing in faith and likeness to Him, otherwise the church shines only dimly and cannot expect further light. Sanctification and holiness brought as leaven into daily life, business and professional work with eye single to God's glory, not double-minded or selfish, keeps motives, words, habits and maxims from sowing a baneful harvest.
The light is not to be forced into notice nor smothered by worldly influence, discouragement, fear, reproach or persecution, but let shine plainly through consistent example so people recognize God's work and glorify Him. Being light means not withdrawing into self and living only for self, for religion is meant to spread truth and benefit others near and far, not remain narrow or selfish, and time, strength and ability bought with infinite price are to be spent in thought, personal effort, tracts and papers, and sympathetic ministry to the needy, oppressed, suffering and unsaved. Those claiming to believe truth are to be sanctified through it amid wickedness, idolatry, drunkenness and self-indulgence spread through the cities, with self-denying action straining every nerve to raise missionaries, educate workers, fund laborers, enter new places and teach hungering people instead of spending on self-indulgence, for a staggering drunkard weakened by liquor is a nuisance and not that light.
The light must shine in clear steady rays, not flare on special occasions then fade, with suspicion and gloom never hiding it and good works representing Christ's character through heartfelt piety. Keeping redemption continually in mind, remembering being bought with the Son's blood, makes one less liable to pride and foolishness, enables living to meet the Saviour in peace, repels suggestions to intemperate wicked practices, keeps righteousness and sin and obedience and disobedience distinctly separate, gives the right impression and makes ready for His coming in the clouds. The call as light is joined to the command to let it shine on waking from spiritual sleep and turning from frivolity to a heaven-directed life.
Letting light shine is done by holding back hasty words and loving one another with Christlike forbearance, so converting power comes through the churches in an awakening to tell perishing souls, with every soul required to help every other soul possible and not close doors to let them suffer. Advancing continually in knowledge of truth and holiness, keeping God's perfect standard high by precept and example above Satan's false standard that brings misery, degradation, disease and death, enables recognizing and resisting Satan through Jesus' strength, while refusing to go forward turns light to darkness and leaves one lost in blackness. Christian love for one another must be kept alive and not copied from the world nor held aloof from people, for without it easily extinguished there is no fellowship nor love for those Christ died for.
Only those who bear light now by taking lights from under coverings into highways, hedges and hills with personal effort to warn honest hearts who cannot hear in large assemblies, following Christ who walked to seek and save the lost, will wear a crown of life at last. Carrying every burden to God in faith with courage and confidence makes one efficient without despondency, depression or secret mourning even when watchmen are unfaithful, placing one where the Sun of Righteousness shines into mind and soul-temple until radiant with His word and moral darkness flees. While waiting for His coming, followers keep shining by gathering for instruction, encouragement, comfort, hope and readiness, in contrast to those who should shine yet oppose God's servants, choose fables and distort Scripture to mislead from truth.
Disciples of Christ are made the light of the world, set openly like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden, so their light must reach all within their influence rather than be kept private or concealed. They have no light of their own but receive it from Christ the true Light, and by beholding Him, abiding in Him and being united to Him they are changed into His image and reflect His character in word and action. Their shining is the truth of God's Word lived out in good works, godly character, obedience and mercy, so that those who see them are led to glorify the Father in heaven. As His church they are His appointed light-bearer amid moral darkness, called for the world's sake to carry present truth to the ends of the earth by every means and not to gather only for themselves. This light must shine first from the home and in daily work and business, and it is kept burning only by living connection with Christ, separation from the world and steady self-denying service, for refusing to shine means losing the light.
Words and Historical Setting
Jesus spoke these words on the mountain when He was set and His disciples came close around Him in sight of the multitudes, as instruction to His disciples about their work in being made the light of the world, placed openly before men like a hilltop city that stays visible and cannot be concealed. The saying belongs to Matthew 5:10-20 and to Matthew 5:13-16 and to the Sermon on the Mount, and is to be studied together with His conflicts and victories in the wilderness temptation in Matthew 4 as showing the character of His teaching. It was spoken by Christ to His disciples, and means those purified through belief of the truth, with Christ dwelling as an abiding guest in the heart, give light to the world. That light is wisdom to distinguish the earthly from the heavenly, ability from the words of divine inspiration to discern between right and wrong, and guidance in righteous judgment, shining before men in good works that lead them to glorify the Father in heaven, and it is the sacred truth committed to God's people as its depositaries, with talents entrusted to them for wise improvement that God designs to be multiplied by constant use, so every soul must keep his light trimmed and burning in order to give light to all with whom he comes in contact.
The words were spoken to a few poor, humble fishermen, not to the priests and rabbis and scribes and Pharisees who were present among the hearers. Those leading men had the oracles of God committed to them and possessed learning, supposed instruction in the mysteries of the law, and claims to know God, yet they revealed that they did not know Him. Though the world called them wise, they were unsafe teachers who taught the commandments of men for doctrine and were ignorant of the Scriptures and the power of God. Outward advantage as God's chosen people does not make a people the light of the world when they forsake the fountain of living waters for broken cisterns and turn to Egypt and Assyria, and the name belongs to Christ's humble disciples, reversing human judgment that regarded them only as hewers of wood and drawers of water. From them goes forth a message illuminating in its influence and saving in its power, and salt and light fully represent them and true religion, for Pharisaism and its caste-like customs, ceremonies, and traditions made the Jewish people unfit for the calling entrusted with sacred truth, since they wrongly treated their own nation as the world, while Christ commissioned His disciples to proclaim a faith and worship without barriers of caste or country, suited to all peoples, nations, and classes.
The verse was spoken by Christ to His disciples to present their exalted position in the world as a visible light to the world, like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden, whose good works let others see that light and bring glory to the Father, as one of the God-approved qualities taught in the Sermon on the Mount. In that setting this identity calls for them to live so that others see their good works and glorify God, and the verse belongs with Christ's instruction to receive the sermon's blessings by accepting its terms. It is a saying from the lips of the great Teacher, plain truth on its own merits, truth expounding and explaining truth, the bread of life which came down from heaven. Less study of books and reading and believing and practicing this word brings a changed life and Christlikeness developed in character, and alone is enough that not a soul would be lost, as preconceived opinions are laid aside and the Word is believed and practiced irrespective of financial standing, losses or gains, until divine principles are inwrought in the heart as if written with the finger of God, so that neither gaping lion's den nor fiery furnace intimidates to deny and betray the truth for favor or worldly honors or exalted position, man's reputation counts as nothingness, to live is to obey the word of Christ and to die for the truth's sake is gain under the blood-stained banner of Prince Emmanuel. It is one of the blessings spoken on the mount that is full of deep meaning and is a golden treasure of truth and instruction in which every symbol has value, yet it is dimly appreciated and many who claim to be Christians do not choose to bring it into practical experience, and if the messengers of God saw its real value they would understand the true position they are called to occupy, and when proved and tried they would work it out in their own lives and experiences, for it must be incorporated into the life to give understanding that is experimental knowledge of the highest value. Christ's followers as the world's light are to make truth visible by lives and witness like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden, as was seen in a public meeting where listeners were interested and one woman said she would keep the Sabbath after being convinced.
Its context reveals the old light of Jehovah's law in a new setting in the framework of the gospel, essential to have, in the exceeding breadth and extended character of God's law reaching into the inmost parts of the mind and bringing out the purposes of God, presented in a light not comprehended before. Men had Christ represented in the typical offerings and sacrifices yet fixed on the law, the law, the law as entrance into heaven, and had built around it human exactions until it could not be kept as they interpreted it, and Christ does not detract from the law but reveals it anew, and when He does resistance arises because it does not harmonize with misconceived ideas and teaching that did not make the law prominent as He does. Matthew 5 reveals the truth concerning the laws of God's government, and in this context that truth enlightens people and shows them the peril of continuing in disobedience to God's commandments. The saying was spoken during the sermon on the mount on the table-land above the lake as the sun climbed above the mountain tops and its bright beams distinctly revealed the cities on the slopes, to which He pointed as He spoke, and it defines the principles of the law spoken from Sinai to be carried out and exemplified in practical life, so His followers illuminate the world as the sun illuminates hill cities that cannot be hidden, and their illumination shines before men in good works that lead men to glorify the Father in heaven. Their shining is their good works of obedience to God's law, including His Sabbath as the sign between Him and them by which He sanctifies them, giving light to all around and leading men to glorify the Father in heaven, and this stands against making void God's law through tradition and teaching the commandments of men for doctrines. Christ did not come to destroy the law or the prophets but to fulfil them, and as long as heaven remains above and earth beneath there is no excuse for any power in heaven or earth to change God's law, with not one jot or tittle passing till all is fulfilled, and breaking one of the least commandments and teaching men so brings the lowest place in the kingdom of heaven, while doing and teaching them brings greatness, and no one enters the kingdom without a righteousness exceeding that of the scribes and Pharisees. The Sermon on the Mount whose teaching opposed the self-righteous doctrines of the scribes and Pharisees and corrected their misrepresentation of God gives Christ's teaching as the far-reaching principles of the law of God, showing that the state of the heart regulates life and character and that the spirit of the law must be in the heart, so instructing new converts in the claims of the law fails unless they are impressed with these principles.
The verse shows what the Jewish nation could have become if it had welcomed Christ, the light sent from heaven: a living, shining light in the darkness and a clear representative of Christ. Through the Spirit's transforming work, they would have borne visible evidence of God's power in changed hearts and characters. It describes the early Christians as the light of the world, whose love for one another, character, and teachings had a powerful influence. Their example brought them favor among the people, while their known character and teachings made them a terror to evildoers and led the wicked to hate and persecute them, and though they were few and had no wealth or honor their witness shone and exposed evil, for which reason they were hated and persecuted, even to death. Christ's work is to shine as a light in the world by making the gospel of salvation known to all classes. The light of the world shines upon people as a rich blessing, with God providing for their temporal and spiritual needs, and people should respond by honoring and thanking the Giver.
City Set on a Hill
Followers are a visible witness like a city set on a hill that cannot be hidden or concealed, and their faith is not meant to remain private, confined to home life, or kept in obscure places but placed where it can reach everyone. Their light is their good works shining before others so that people see them and glorify the Father in heaven, shown through sincere service to God, the power of truth, spiritual life received from coming to God for light, and oneness with Christ in harmony with God's purpose. Hiding the light comes from an evil heart of unbelief, seen when God's people either copy the wicked practices of surrounding nations or withdraw into proud exclusiveness as if God's love and care belong to them alone, instead of shedding light upon surrounding peoples. In this application the light not to be concealed is the truth that people need to hear, including those in neglected cities, with urgency to reach and save others.
The image is illustrated by towns on surrounding hills clearly visible in morning light and by the city of Safed or Saphet seen from afar, set in full sight and catching the beams of the morning sun and flashing back its evening glories from its bright battlements. To be that city is to be firm, established, strengthened and settled, living higher, purer and nobler than the ways of sinners, as a person of principle, sober, watchful, prayerful, full of faith and good works, with a sound conscience and consistent holy living, and they need not apologize for doing what is right. Being set on a hill does not mean seeking the prominence of the hill or placing oneself in a prominent position, but living by much prayer, watching unto prayer, self-denial, lifting the cross and following Christ, walking with God and not with Satan. A work or community set as an example for others is likewise like a city on a hill whose influence is visible and cannot be hidden, as with a school whose example would affect church-school work beyond its own community, and as with churches standing visibly all through steep mountain slopes above large settlements that must be reached where they are. In places like Africa such a lived light is the only Bible many people can read.
The openly placed lamp giving light to all in the house explains that the light is meant to benefit all within influence and not be concealed, with the house being the world. Their great work is to reveal in experience the true light in distinction from all other lights, revealing Christ and thereby the Father, living under the direct rays of the Sun of Righteousness and letting every soul communicate light rather than covering it with worldly policy or measuring out how much can be afforded to others. The world as God's vineyard and field is to be entered rather than kept within crowded centers, carrying the light into neglected places and faithful work in cities to establish visible witnesses from which truth could spread to surrounding regions. The church is called, like ancient Israel, to make God's truth known from the entrusted law and prophetic messages for this time, acting as His agents to carry the warning throughout the earth and preach the gospel without allowing anything to hinder the work.
As a city on high cannot be hidden, God makes law plainly visible, publishing the law established in human being and the penalty for transgressing it so distinctly and prominently that every accountable intelligent being can understand what is for good if willing. Applied especially to health reform and natural law, the light is made to shine to develop mind, soul and body and support acceptable service to God, promoting spiritual as well as physical life through instruction and consistent example as a visible influence for good. Those able to understand are responsible for the light given to them, while those unable to understand are not held responsible. God's people shine above the mist and fog of unbelief and spiritual darkness, so their light cannot be hidden. Becoming that light means every person accepting the light, every ray of it, since God gave all heaven in one gift, and not going home to sit down but working to the point, building one another up in the most holy faith until a tidal wave pours over the people.
Light Received from Christ
Believers have no light of their own but receive all light from Christ the true Light, the Sun of Righteousness and Source of all light, gathering His divine rays, kindling the taper from the divine altar, and reflecting heaven's light to dispel moral darkness. Their life-work in reflecting is to direct sinners' minds to God and awaken high views of Christian purity, making them the saving power in the world with character harmonious in all its parts. When they value that light the witness is visible and cannot be hidden, and Jesus gives them part in His own work of shedding light on a sin-darkened world. This spreading is done through words of warning and appeal, missionary work in every line, and the printed page, so people see good works and glorify the Father.
By beholding Christ, abiding in Him, looking to Jesus and walking with Him, followers are changed into His image, receive His character and grace, and cannot help reflecting it in words and righteous actions. This union fills the heart with His grace and controls the will, moving them by His love to suffer with the suffering, rejoice with the rejoicing, and feel tenderness for every soul in weakness, sorrow or distress. As partakers of the divine nature they reach out to the needy after the pattern of Him who was touched with pity, wept over suffering, died to lift transgression and make eternal life possible, and whose earthly life perfectly reflects the divine law as life and hope and light. Beholding Him changes them from character to character, and with open face beholding the glory of the Lord which is character they practice His example in redeemed human nature through obedience. Merely saying they believe does not show transforming power; repentance and conversion must change words and conduct so good works lead men to glorify the Father. Without faith working by love to purify hereditary and cultivated tendencies, profession avails nothing and becomes a savor of death rather than life.
They become light when purified through belief of the truth with Christ dwelling within by the Holy Spirit, when self is crucified and surrendered, when putting on the new man in righteousness and holiness with the fruits of the Spirit. Those so purified gain wisdom to distinguish earthly from heavenly, ability from divine inspiration to discern right from wrong, and guidance in righteous judgment shining in good works. Cherished and obeyed, these lessons transform character so they become a holy people showing forth His praises who called them from darkness into light. They wear His yoke and learn His meekness and lowliness, walk in the sunshine of His presence on a clear path with His righteousness before them and God their rereward behind, constantly receiving His presence and reflecting it in encouragement and self-denial to win others. Each united soul is like a lamp in God's house receiving from Christ and passing on to others, with Christlike love and forbearance proving the change. Educating the soul in faith, talking faith, living faith and acting faith until faith increases brings them to strong manhood and womanhood with the Sun of Righteousness rising with clearest rays, diffusing hope and joy rather than groaning as under a hard taskmaster.
United to Christ as branch to vine and filled with His Spirit through living connection, communion, prayer and feeding on the Word, their light grows brighter as selfishness and sin are driven away and is passed to others with increasing supply. Christ dwelling in the heart becomes visible to those met, and truth first planted in the heart by the Holy Spirit governs life and then appears in words, actions and business dealings. Like lamps they must first receive Christ's grace, with hearts continually replenished by accepting His love in order to reveal what they possess. Close connection puts away hindrances and makes holy in conversation, turning the mind from dress and food and faultfinding to heaven and heavenly things, bringing peace and drawing God near. Like the sun dispelling darkness, consistent lives with cheerfulness and courage spread truth and drive away ignorance and superstition to illuminate dark places.
Christ's imputed righteousness and merits shine through hearts and characters when sins are taken away, bearing His yoke and unveiling redemption, while its absence shows little faith and unwillingness to work. Receiving and acting on every ray sent, with His righteousness covering shortcomings as the burden is carried in faith, makes the light visible in life and work. Taking hold of Christ by faith makes a new creature whose light-bearing follows from receiving His righteousness as gift, relying on His wisdom for ignorance and His strength for weakness. Thorough reformation produces the fruits of the Spirit and makes a help and blessing rather than a hindrance. Witness must carry Christ and living guiding principles within, otherwise like salt without savor it is ineffective and of no value to the world. The lived gospel as good tidings brings light to the soul and then shines outward in good works and saving properties of truth, keeping sin-hardened souls from perishing and leading men to glorify the Father.
Reflecting the fulness found in Christ by receiving and imparting God's bounty reveals unselfish love, transforms hearts to partake of divine nature, and illuminates earth with heaven's radiance. Constantly receiving and imparting represents Christ's love and beneficence, reflects His glory to God's praise, and reveals God's love and goodness to the world. The light must burn continually, kindled by heaven's glory, with truth dwelling within in purifying power to enlighten the whole world through brightness of life. Every person can become light by accepting the light, every ray of it, because God gave all heaven in one gift. Becoming that light means not sitting down at home but working to build one another up in most holy faith until a tidal wave pours over the people, coming as they are, consecrated and disciplined to show the distinction between lovers of God and lovers of Satan.
The light of Jesus shining in hearts is to shine openly through followers like a city on a hill, which requires lifting up Jesus before the people so good works are visible and lead to glorifying God. Self must not stand between the light and the people but be hidden behind Jesus so truth shines clearly and guides. Disciples fulfill the command by bringing all heaven possible into this life, turning from perishable things, taking hold of eternal life, bringing the Father's love into heart and life, and leaving a bright track heavenward for others. Living in the light of God's countenance they reflect His glory around, and bringing heaven's light into religious service places Jesus' religion on the high plane where the Bible places it. Linked to God and heaven, knowing His love and compassion, their presence communicates heaven's purity and holiness with light and joy. Dwelling on self and imperfections keeps in darkness; looking to Jesus' willingness and power to save all who come in faith, with Christ formed within as hope of glory, makes faithful users of abilities a light going like the sun from east to west to lighten and warm those in darkness.
Those who have received truth cannot help shining amid moral darkness, and knowing truth in thought is not enough but each must kindle light from the divine altar and let it shine through service. Conversion awakens desire to share Jesus and saving truth that dispels darkness and cannot be hidden, with even one person's faithful effort bringing light to sinful unbelievers. Those in responsibility must lift the cross daily, hold fast to Jesus, gain victory over Satan, and work constantly with God rather than backslide into nominal religion. Coming into right relation makes light-bearers, and being fully awake, knowing the time and constrained by God's power to diffuse distinctly revealed truth, marks bright shining lights; those refusing after great light will see God use those with less light. Through open communion with heaven, rays of God's glory can fill hearts, and the light of God's glory seen in Jesus can shine on and through people, so the world is not left in darkness but mercy continues. Receiving that glory through Jesus makes lights in a world otherwise facing judgment.
Those whose lives are hid with Christ rest in the Sun of Righteousness while satanic blackness closes about the world, letting faith pierce the darkest cloud and diffusing light by talking faith, hope and courage. Open unhidden givers of spiritual light, centered in Him alone, rejoice in His light with simple earnest trust that glorifies His name and makes them all light in the Lord. Words and thoughts matter: doubt strengthens unbelief while hope, courage, light and love strengthen faith and fortify against moral darkness, and what is beheld and discussed shapes the soul. Placing themselves under the bright beams expels dwelling on doubts and trials, and joyful trust testifies to unreserved commitment. Those entrusted with responsibility are light by staying connected to God as the source of wisdom and serving as channels of His light. Only that connection makes competent for right decisions, wise plans and counsels for present truth, with Bible precepts carried into everyday life rather than trusting human wisdom. Ministers vitally connected represent Him as light through union, needing the Holy Spirit to burn and shine and receiving free grace and wisdom from above to act with understanding.
Those surrendered to Christ become light by union of human with divine through lifting up the cross until charged with divine power to enlighten the earth. Lifting Calvary high, absorbing the mind and concentrating thought upon it until faculties are charged direct from God, concentrates all energies in genuine work and sends forth beams as living agencies communicating incarnate love and His glory by talking, praying, singing and proclaiming abroad while pressing to regions beyond. Allied to Christ and partaking of divine nature they stand independent of the world yet constantly shining, identified with suffering humanity and working with heavenly intelligences without exalting self, in unity of word, life and action with His mind and Spirit and brotherly love in deed and truth. Those formed into strong spotless characters through faith in Jesus are lights that Satan cannot destroy or neutralize. Valuing the soul as the cross reveals God's estimate, they reflect that light to others, receive the Word with open mind, commune with God, rely on the Saviour, and form steadfast morally independent character able to endure danger and the trials before the day of God. Resolutely true to God, doing His will, retaining integrity, placing the will on God's side, refusing to copy defective humans or use another's failure as excuse, and making Christ the pattern in meekness under His yoke secures against ruin until the will itself consents.
Disciples in the storm are called to be the light of the world with lives serving a purpose for others while Christ watches over them with tender care. Followers are the light as they grow in spiritual strength and discern Christ's character, while contention, faultfinding and misrepresenting one another dishonor God and work against that light by trying to put it out in one another. Believers begin as a little glimmer and then multiply and grow stronger until together they are the world's light. God makes people light as co-working agents putting light into minds, requiring Christ living within and tender compassionate brotherly love revealed in every contact. Opening the heart's door lets Jesus fill with warmth of love and goodness so every contact shows the Saviour, while lowering the standard misrepresents the true Minister. Communing with God and growing in moral excellence makes channels of light and wisdom, but mere knowledge and advantage without sanctifying love do not make a light, and without unselfish love even Scripture knowledge and preaching cannot truly represent Christ.
Being light requires gaining deep rich experience by devoting all ability to seek knowledge and strength from God and loving one another as Christ loved. Reaching heights and sounding depths with sanctified powers to discern Christ's character requires sweet communion and knowledge of the future life, while strife, questioning, faultfinding and misconstruing brethren dishonors God and prevents it. Seeking first the kingdom under the bright beams of the Sun expels selfishness and worldliness rather than walking in self-kindled sparks, cultivating piety, a meek quiet spirit, human sympathy and daily use of opportunities to represent Jesus without anxious worry. Believers are to be light by striving to answer Christ's prayer, and becoming this light meets the need for much work to be done. Those embracing truth are to flash light upon darkened minds of hundreds, a great work for which God must fit them. Believers become a light and saving power when Christ fills them with the Holy Spirit, He having clothed divinity with humanity and been tempted without sin to break Satan's control. Laying aside crown and robe so humanity touching humanity could lay hold on divinity gives power to escape corruption through lust, and Spirit-filled followers send out God's message so others see love revealed in Christ and are led to Him. One whom God makes willing can be a channel of His pardoning love and must not be discouraged for not conforming to others' opinions, lest intercepting such a worker turn away light God intends for the world.
Light Seen in Truth and Works
The light is truth itself, the Word and the life, including Bible truth and present truth and the sacred deposit entrusted with talents to be multiplied, proclaimed, taught and carried as a burning lamp so that people may see, receive and be led to Christ. It is not to be concealed but placed where it can reach everyone, including those in neglected cities, and hiding it leaves people in darkness while letting it shine through faithful lives makes truth visible and spreads it through the world by kindling further lights. As Abraham was chosen not merely as a friend of God but as a medium to communicate divine privileges to the world, so every genuine Christian is appointed for the world's sake and not for self, to let religion go forth as a power to bless those in moral darkness rather than keeping it selfishly under lock and key. No one can shine upon others until first gathering the divine rays from the Word and receiving the divine mould of character to become a true representative, grasping salvation by faith, weaving it into life and practicing it as a blessing to the whole race, and those who have a true hold upon Christ must be as earnest and particular to fill their place as ministers unto righteousness as Christ was when He traveled on foot, hungry and weary, relieving sickness as the mighty Healer.
Shining is seen in good works, godly character and service that lead beholders to glorify the Father in heaven and not the workers, bringing happiness and strength, while mere profession without a life shaped by faith fails. Like a city on a hill the witness cannot be hidden, and its example and deeds are to make righteousness clear and attract others to investigate and embrace truth, spreading light and dispelling moral darkness as the rising sun scatters night's shadows. For physicians and sanitarium workers, especially leading physicians, this means not confining influence and talents to one institution or routine work but setting light where it benefits believers and unbelievers by speaking truth as widely as possible, since neglecting open witnessing hides the light and can result in souls lost.
Goodness of character, right principles, truthful words, patience under provocation, integrity, active kindness, cheerfulness, courage and practicing taught truths make lives shine, prove truth and carry life through the world. Patient forbearance under provocation and good works reveal true piety and lead people to glorify God, and righteous actions make example a power for good that moves others to accept the light of truth. This requires reflecting Jesus and not a human leader, walking as He walked in humility, purity, meekness, patience and faithfulness, representing God's character through obedience, meekness and lowliness learned from Christ, with encouragement and self-denial, and light-bearers are to show no quarreling or backbiting so the world sees no dissension among them.
The witness is shown in obedience to God's Word and law rather than human traditions, in distinct holy living, justice, equity, mercy and love, in Sabbath witness, in temperance reform even at temporal sacrifice, and in control of appetite, dress and conversation. Those who believe and practice truth present it as it is in Jesus, unmixed with error, and reveal its saving and preserving power through genuine goodness, Christlike character, words and actions, making truth stand out clearly from customs and practices of the world because people form their view of God from those who profess to serve Him. God's children are not to show a character just like the world or live for show and parade, display and self-indulgence, but to be doers of the Word, elevated above customs, practices and policies of the world with an influence in the home reaching every member, living in the world yet not of it, loyal to higher laws, keeping commandments from love, refusing customs and fashions suited to unsanctified hearts, taking Christ's life as standard, living and speaking and acting as born-again sons and daughters and citizens of heaven with soul-windows open toward heaven and closed earthward. The world will never be converted by conformity to its evil practices but by distinct influence and example as much higher, purer and nobler than the sinner's ways as the heavens are higher than the earth, never stooping to anything low, cheap, questionable or suspicious, practicing simple truth and heavenly principles amid moral darkness.
Reflecting heaven's light directs sinners' minds to God, awakens high views of Christian purity, preserves the world from corruption as salt preserves, and holds back judgments, while defective character, quarreling and worldly principles dim the light and turn people away. Followers have no light of their own but reflect heaven's light to dispel the moral darkness of a world lying in sin, and in the last days this light dispels the darkness of ages as those who learned truth reach the ignorant and share knowledge of God's word. Jesus Himself, who is the light of the world, gives disciples a part in His work of shedding light on a sin-darkened world.
Disciples must reveal God by pure noble character as Daniel did amid moral darkness and opposition, and walking in received light brings more light that Satan cannot extinguish. The steadfast integrity of Daniel and his companions before Babylon's king illustrates visible testimony that cannot remain hidden, and Daniel's pure holy conduct impressed Darius, showing that a life with God first makes an observable witness recognized as having been with Jesus and requiring undivided affections. God's people are to hold firmly to His Word and let its light shine amid moral darkness and increasing opposition until the close of earth's history, and as they walk in light received God gives more light and strength to glorify Him.
God's people work together with God maintaining His honor by faithful care for obligations, lifting the bowed and comforting mourners. Their light shines as people see good works and glorify the Father, and this practical mercy in words and deeds reveals God's glory and makes His character known. God makes His coworkers lights to bring light to understanding, revealing the Saviour through them when Christ lives within and His love, goodness, compassion, tender-heartedness and kindness shape how they treat others.
Christ's example imparts light seen through good works, gracious words and merciful deeds, and the truly converted reflect Christ wherever they are. A converted person represents the Saviour through Christlike words and deeds, showing daily faith in the sin-bearer and revealing love, hope, longsuffering, patience and kindness by denying self, taking up the cross and following Jesus in true noble character. Teachers fulfill this by showing in life the gracious qualities seen in Christ's character and work, representing His character and Spirit, with the Saviour beside them giving words to speak and guiding them in showing His excellence.
Shining amid moral darkness is done by a well-ordered life and godly speech with tender sympathy and practical care for the wounded, tempted and lost, and by personal efforts to save souls. Christlike spirit, heavenly conversation and self-denying, self-sacrificing, blameless conduct have convincing saving influence leading unbelievers toward truth and obedience, representing Christ on earth. Converted people need not strive to shine, for divine light in them penetrates and dispels darkness without becoming dark by association, and their changed lives and words naturally draw others through earnest desire to see people saved, with steady practical care including food and clothing rather than flickering fitful light, and with hearts responding to human suffering in unselfish giving of self.
Light is seen through fruitful service and good works that bring glory to God, not through self-importance. Christ's people must exert positive influence as living epistles known and read of all men, with diffusive and aggressive gospel work through them. Their daily lives should exemplify principles taught so Christian character shines steadily and reaches those who might otherwise resist belief, with influence constant and not brief or uncertain, communicating light to everyone met by pure thoughts, noble words and conduct reflecting the gospel, becoming a holy people whose lives bring praise to God. When the church is united in Christ and reflects His character in love, humility and holiness it becomes a region of light and usefulness, but when too much like the world its light is not reflected.
Their great work is to reveal in experience the true light in distinction from all other lights, revealing Christ and thereby the Father. They are to live under the direct rays of the Sun of Righteousness and let every soul communicate light, giving light to all in the house with the world as the house, not covering light with worldly policy nor measuring how much they can afford to give. They have no light of their own but reflect heaven's light while Christ speaks through them, representing Christ rather than themselves and bearing witness to Him, declaring that God is light not merely with words but through lives whose good works can be seen. Those entrusted with knowledge of truth are to be light-bearers not quarreling over truth but persuading men to accept it, following Christ who laid aside riches and glory to seek the sinful, erring and unhappy, humbled Himself in human nature to make men pure and upright and free from defilement, suffered and gave His all, and they are to live filled with good works and in meekness and faith sow seeds in hearts of all for whom He died that will bring forth fruit unto righteousness.
The entrusted light must be reflected steadily in work with actions corresponding to received truth, with faith and zeal pressing back moral darkness rather than remaining inactive. Through words and actions believers make truth and holiness known and help others come to truth, but if they turn from that light it becomes darkness, and when they fail to live by light received darkness follows in proportion to light neglected. When workers seek God's presence and allow the Spirit to cleanse them they receive light and reflect it to those around, while indifference and unfaithfulness make them a hindrance.
Lives should shine into darkness bringing light and warmth, and like the sun dispelling night a true follower carries Christ's influence into the world in good works and love to those in error, continued through His ordained servants. Only those with attributes marking them as children of God can be the light and truly represent Christ, gathering His divine rays and reflecting them, going forth as the sun on its errand of mercy and love, and those whose hearts and characters are shaped by the Holy Spirit become lights whose lived biblical faith has spreading influence wherever present. Light comes from divine light shining from Christ and is shown by representing Him in conduct with Christlike sweetness, refusing advantage, guarding a neighbor's interests as one's own, and giving true witness before men and angels.
Christ calls disciples light to represent Him as He represented love by giving His life and placing Himself where He could bless the world, requiring every soul to help every other soul possible and not let souls suffer without help. This letting shine is by holding back hasty words and loving one another with Christlike forbearance and love, so converting power comes through the churches in an awakening to tell souls perishing in sin, with those who received love and illumination helping those who do not know the better way and using Spirit-sanctified social influence to win them. Light is shown by sharing with others the knowledge God gives, including revealed purposes and the will disclosed in prophecy, which brings solemn responsibility. Words and works convey pure principles of truth and holiness to enlighten and win others, with divine and human agents working together in proclaiming prophecy and the warning message, and character and conduct reflecting truth professed.
Those living now have greater light and privileges than many faithful people of earlier ages and therefore greater responsibility to represent Christ, follow His example and spread truth. Christians as children of the heavenly King have public responsibility to live as the light, and knowing the Master's will without following it leaves them without excuse at the judgment. The world watches their words and actions expecting self-denial and sacrifice, and their conduct shapes impressions of Bible religion, showing the advantage of Christianity over worldliness and that truth has made them children of the King and channels of love and mercy, with love for God and obedience to commandments as the basis of witness and each believer responsible to influence others for good as a missionary among those met.
The verse means God's people are to bless others with their light and do good so the world is better for their having lived. They must not keep truth to themselves or hide influence but share it with those who want to walk in light, studying Scripture, forming Christian character and faithfully doing entrusted work so example shows they have been with Christ and learned from Him, spreading from one to another, magnifying God's name and helping others, so that even efforts seeming small can ultimately shine widely, and children disciplined to develop character can live as that light fitted to shine in God's presence forever. Giving light to a wicked world means receiving and revealing the truths contained in the sanctuary, requiring letting go of sinful corrupting practices and gaining an experience that makes one feel at home in heaven, for being satisfied with only a twilight glow and merely stepping over the threshold scarcely fulfills the calling. Christ's love in the heart cannot be hidden but reaches others like a refreshing spring by blessing and uplifting with love and sympathy, shown by working as He did with love, tenderness and sympathy toward all God's creatures.
Church as God's Light Bearer
The church is the Lord's appointed light-bearer to shine amid the moral darkness of a corrupt and sinful generation, a city set on a hill that stands visible and cannot be hidden. Its witness is to increase in power to dispel the darkness crowded upon the world by Satan in a degenerate age, shining in strong rays through genuine piety rather than mere profession, with zeal and earnest self-denial and self-sacrifice proportioned to divine and human resources, opportunities and privileges. Like a lighthouse guiding ships through danger and warning sailors, its faithful witness helps those struggling with temptation and facing loss of eternal life, for people unseen depend on that light, and when the world comes between the church and Christ the witness dims and souls may be lost. The aggressive power of the gospel is in proportion to the genuine faith, piety and example of believers, and a disunited state offends God and bears a bad and harmful testimony to the world. Through ages of moral darkness and through centuries of strife and persecution, from age to age through successive generations to the present, she stands visible while the pure doctrines of the Bible unfold within her.
Though enfeebled and defective in appearance, she is the one object on earth on which Christ bestows His special love and regard, dearer to God than anything else in the world and guarded by Him with jealous care, the theater of His grace where He delights to show mercy on human hearts. She is God's fortress and city of refuge held in a revolted world, made up through history of faithful souls taken into covenant with God, uniting the church on earth with the church in heaven and served by holy angels, so the gates of hell cannot prevail against her. She stands apart from the counterfeit church over which Satan presides, whose members are children of disobedience who choose sin, make void God's holy law and mingle evil with good, while Christ's city seeks to separate evil from good and expel wrong from heart and life. Though the church is weak and flawed and needs reproof, warning, counsel, restoration and healing of backslidings because God has a work for it to do, those who yield to God are changed from darkness into lights in a wicked and crooked generation and become Christ's fellow workers in drawing others to God, their Christlike experience preparing them to suffer with Him and share His glory. She is not to be pronounced Babylon, for God has thoughts of love and mercy toward her, and God guides and instructs His people and attaches the greatest importance to the church's actions even when others regard them as foolish or insignificant.
The church is pictured as a temple of living stones laid closely together, stone fitting to stone into a solid building that assumes divine proportions before the world as the light of the world, a city set on a hill which cannot be hid. Its members differ in size and form, large and small, each with its own crevice to fill and each in its appointed place, and each stone's value is measured by the light it reflects to the world. God gives talents and powers to be used in proper relation to one another so the church can represent its Designer, and it is His plan that all who profess His Word fill their respective places in the great work for this time. Cut away from the world by truth, they are brought into the Lord's workshop to be shaped with ax, hammer and chisel from rough misshapen stones and polished until fitted for an exact place in God's building, and when the temple grows to completion each is a living and precious stone catching and reflecting God's glory, giving light and showing by that light preparation for a home in the kingdom of God. As they share what they have received from God their faith is strengthened and their knowledge increases.
The organized and acknowledged church is Christ's appointed channel of light for the enlightenment and salvation of men, which He respects and has ordained, and He does not sanction religious light and experience independent of His recognized followers on earth but directs convicted sinners to the church to learn what to do. Christ is the fountain of light, truth and salvation, and the church is His organized body on earth and channel of communication through which He enlightens men, with appointed ministers acting in His stead, directing repentant sinners in the way of life by His name and authority. Even Saul, though directly convicted by Christ and intended as a chosen vessel for a most important work under blind error and prejudice, was not personally taught the truth by Christ but was placed in communication with the church to be instructed in the Christian religion. Ananias, in touching Saul's eyes that they might receive sight and laying hands on him in prayer in Christ's name for Saul to receive the Holy Ghost, acted in Christ's stead and by Christ's name and authority, showing that Christ's ministers on earth are appointed to act for Him as the channel of communication, and personal independence from Christ's acknowledged followers is condemned.
Ancient Israel was given a strategic place among the nations as a beacon to surrounding nations to reveal His glory through lives shaped by God's law. This was true of Joseph in Egypt and of Israel among the surrounding nations, of Israel delivered from slavery among idolaters becoming a light in the desert and showing the Egyptians the way, with God's light continuing through Israel's generations and borne by faithful witnesses even in captivity. Daniel, his companions and Mordecai shone in Babylon's royal courts, and the light and truth revealed to Daniel through vision have continued to shine through the ages and will shine to the end of time. Israel shone as the light during the early part of Solomon's reign, when the king's righteousness and wisdom and the people's noble character continually witnessed to the nations the power and greatness of Jehovah. Christians with greater privileges and light should shine even more brightly and spread that light everywhere, through seeing truth and its value above selfish plans and loving God supremely and neighbors as themselves, revealing God through purity, benevolence, love and other heavenly principles so good works and Christlike lives display the Father's mercy and goodness, lead others to glorify Him and give the world a glimpse of heaven's excellence.
This teaching applies to the work carried on wherever church offices are established: Christ's truths are to be understood and practiced there, so that His followers share in His labors and rewards, with light shining through good works bringing glory to the Father. As the church on earth, Christ's followers are to be the world's light and represent the church above and show the praises of God who called them out of darkness into His light, following Jesus in heart-purity and love and present truth as it is in Him. Those who follow Jesus walk in the light on a path shining increasingly toward the perfect day, with example helping others heavenward, and working with Jesus to reflect light to others is important. Christ gathers them as a church to teach them to put off the world and prepare for heaven, bringing Christ into homes and living by the principles that governed His life and representing Him to others. Being lights for God both in the church and in the world means working the works of Christ according to varied capabilities, placing soul, body and spirit on His side as His human hand to impart His love to those outside the fold, living self-denying self-sacrificing principles and love for God that separated them from the world, loving one another as Christ loves them in Christian fellowship blended in harmonious action at the cross through faith that works by love and purifies the soul, receiving grace for grace as they give to others, kept in spiritual nearness to God and reflecting Christ's image.
Light-bearers must recognize individual responsibility to represent the truth, for the calling applies to every person to whom Christ has revealed Himself, not only to ministers or ordained ministers. Every true believer united with Christ catches bright beams from Christ the Morning Star and transmits that light to those in darkness, beginning amid darkness in his own neighborhood and extending as the church together goes forth to regions beyond, with Christ and His people as co-partners in saving the world. Communion with God leads disciples to seek fellowship with others and express God's love through words and actions, going out to seek the lost, sharing truth and the invitation of mercy and helping bring wanderers back to God. The light passed on endures: it becomes darkness to those who refuse to walk in it but shines ever more brightly on the path of those who obey, and the church is the light when its members actively share light by helping people come to Christ and making God's truth visible through work.
God will not leave His people with no new light but they are to get more light from the throne of God and have increase of light, for faithful people are made radiant with His word and His Spirit gives light that drives away moral darkness. The message now given is not a grand new light but old light brought up and placed in new settings, the same most wonderful light Jesus gave when He spoke from the cloudy pillar. Those enlightened by truth are to be light bearers and walk in the light and share what they have received, for hiding light is a serious mistake, and those who receive present truth are to reflect it, putting away selfishness and sharing experience to help the needy and encourage those in darkness, receiving light to pass it on.
Religion is meant to spread truth and benefit others, not remain narrow or selfish, and like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden its witness is visible. Those who serve God are to carry this light near and far while also strengthening unity, for believers united as a church are to be light through fellowship, mutual support, love and sympathy in shared work of leading people to Christ under the Holy Spirit's direction through faith and prayer. Christ's workers are a visible witness through unity, one in purpose despite differences of mind and ideas, making power and principles of truth evident and increasing influence, helping the world believe the Father sent Him. A church united in truth and Christlike love is bright visible light, with every member active in carrying light Christ sends to all parts of the world and helping save souls, each new convert welcomed and given work, and from conversion those receiving Christ reflect His glory.
The church is entrusted with sacred truth to share, and each member's light is to guide sinners back to God, with active zealous work making the church healthy and its light keeping shining along the way to heaven, because failing brings terrible consequences, and a right view of heaven helps workers serve intelligently as heaven approves. God placed the church in the world to shine, with believers receiving light from God its source and reflecting it through good works and lives marked by Christ's purity and simplicity, while self-indulgence and pursuit of control spread darkness instead. The church can shine only by drawing near to God and living in close connection with Him, sustained by the Holy Spirit and abiding principles keeping members in truth, with a believer of genuine missionary spirit becoming a public witness to genuine faith. God designs life-giving beams to shine through individual members into dark places of earth and into every benighted soul so the whole earth is lightened with His glory, and those looking for the Saviour's return must bring all powers into active service, pledging by baptism to live truth openly and use abilities to spread the gospel so that as talents are used the church becomes light.
God has set His people in elevated position above the world as repository of sacred truth, and every individual with present truth must develop it on a higher scale than before and not work in narrow selfish lines, accountable for influence exerted and either glorifying or dishonoring Him by filling that position. They receive rays of heaven's light necessary for coming emergency and must discern, appreciate, accept and act upon them to reflect light and attract others to the source, for refusing God's message does not stop His work but brings great loss and withholds designed light from others. Even the most educated disciples can do only little in reflecting, yet everyone can do something, with every day bringing privileges for unselfish efforts, requiring good example, weighing results, viewing conduct from others' standpoint and recognizing sins of omission as well as commission, since neglect fails to supply one's link in God's great work. The sanctuary light burning continually symbolized this calling never to grow dim or go out, and God's people are lights by obeying His commandments through which He reveals power, with the light of His law filled with promises to be proclaimed so clearly it stands as a city on a hill open and visible so every willing mind can understand and become members of the royal family. Churches advocating God's law give light when they keep it, depart from iniquity, present truth as in Jesus and live under its subduing sanctifying refining influence as clean vessels leavened with Bible religion, pure steadfast unmovable abounding in Jesus' love, purified by repentance and heart-searching, so influence goes forth and power attends the solemn warning to all peoples and light is reflected everywhere.
The church is to be light by allowing God to reveal His character through members whose lives show Christ's gentleness, forbearance, meekness, self-restraint, earnestness and diligence as the Holy Spirit works on minds and hearts. God makes faithful members radiant with His word, and His Spirit works through them to give light driving away moral darkness, upholding pure principles in dealings with believers and unbelievers and never using selfishness, authority or opportunity to disadvantage another. True believers are the light of church and world with great work as God's true messengers of healing taught of God, imbued with His Spirit and sanctified as sons and daughters, accepting the Word as counselor and imparting it, diffusing light by giving the engrafted Word and speaking Christ's words, showing daily conversion in conversation and deportment as a spectacle to world, angels and men through whom God is glorified and healing and encouragement are brought. When believers gather as a church and establish places for worship, education and service, the light of truth shines clearly, giving marked power and setting them on ground independent of the world.
Ministers and sentinels of truth as lightbearers must stand firmly and reflect heaven's light by presenting truth in contrast with error even while Satan makes masterly efforts to suppress it. They must let no fear of man or desire for patronage obscure a ray, but with moral courage do God's work unflinchingly, giving no place to self-love or selfish considerations, crying aloud to sound warning and defend God's dishonored law and Sabbath. If they fail they are unworthy, the standard will fall from their hands and the Lord will raise faithful others to carry light, for ministers especially given great light and precious opportunities are accountable and must not betray sacred trust, with hearts reflecting more of Christ and less of self. All connected with God's work, even foreign missionaries and medical workers, are to be lights carrying pleasing influence as laborers together with God, which requires being emptied of self as vessels unto honor with hearts imbued with Christ's Spirit, for weaving worldly maxims with truth, cherishing unsanctified principles and selfish plans, failing to distinguish God's truths from men's frauds, professing godliness while shutting out eternal realities and bartering security for advantage disqualifies them. A minister vitally connected to Christ the Chief Shepherd becomes a living representative and true light, sanctified by presented truth so preaching enlightens consciences rather than offering theory, and as ministers depend on God and look to Christ as Christ looked to the Father the Holy Spirit makes them a blessing to the church enabling Christ's works and reflecting God's brightness.
The church is light when it keeps to simple truth exemplified by Christ, whose simplicity makes it a power for good, with every gift, talent and ray entrusted to win souls leaving no ground for self-exaltation. The church is to be built up as a living church through piety and devotion imparted by the Spirit so members can serve as light, united in truth and love and appointed to shine through grace and Spirit and combined service of members and angels. Churches living as God intends help many be saved, but unbelief, faultfinding and false witness work against unity and love, so hearts must be converted and purged, with light revealed when inward faith opens the heart to duty amid coming trials and lying wonders by drawing near to God, repenting lukewarmness and selfishness, returning lent goods to His treasury and giving offerings. The Holy Spirit is given to the church not only to one person or ministry but works through individual members to reveal Christ's character and present divine truth, and when they seek no glory and walk humbly the Lord guides them and their light shines amid moral darkness, remaining humble obedient and guided by the Word so the inner light does not become darkness.
Churches are charged to let truth shine by holding up Christ as the only hope, requiring order, humility and faithful working and growing as fruit-bearing branches of the living Vine and laborers together with God whose prayers go forth as sharp sickles with those proclaiming truth in the harvest field. Holy angels preside in councils and assemblies of such churches and work to set things in order so light can shine, with churches on earth thus cooperating with heaven though success may provoke hostility. Churches brought into working order can shine making influence of truth visible throughout a state, closely connected with God through Christ in self-denial, cross-bearing, vitality, truth, love and godliness, with devotion and piety not grand buildings or costly display as strength, everything done making favorable or unfavorable impression on Christ and truth. The church today would be light if God's people learned self-denial and self-sacrifice showing God's unselfish liberal character by faithfully returning tithes and giving offerings instead of robbing Him, and by imparting abundance of blessing and sacred elevating sanctifying gospel truths to work barren fields and plant truth in new places.
The light of truth reached people through carriers such as reformers who left Geneva and brought it to their own lands where it confronted darkness, and those following Huss's example of giving self to God alone, exalting God and taking Scripture as guide become lights through faith, courage and steadfastness, his faithful life and martyrdom reflecting light through centuries to encourage endurance unto death. As light, members are to serve as living messengers proclaiming a living message in the last days. It is God's purpose that His people be sanctified purified holy people communicating light by exemplifying truth so they become a praise in the earth and bear expected harvest, with Christ's grace sufficient but enjoyed in fulness and power only as they believe and work out gospel principles and use God-given capabilities, for reaching only worldly measurement leaves the church failing and found wanting. When they meet they should bring spiritual light together in simplicity, meekness, mutual confidence and love so meetings refresh and strengthen, for cold prayers and testimonies edifying no one cast darkness instead of light. A church should not keep benefit of others' labor to itself but pass on received light by helping others and making spiritual light visible.
Mission to the Whole World
The calling is for the world's sake and not for self or the church alone, to shine wherever believers are beyond the church, scattering rather than gathering into large churches or concentrating together, carrying light into neglected places, highways, hedges, new fields and unworked parts to the ends of the earth. Faith is not meant to remain private or confined to home life, but Christ's life within is to shine out in active witness with urgency to reach and save others, placed where it can reach everyone rather than concealed. Those who have the truth are channels called to let it shine into different parts of the world, laboring to reach the highest standard as representative men and women whose influence shows the truth has sanctified the soul, growing up into the stature of Christ through meditation and prayer while angels attend the solemn work. They should not keep repeating the same teaching only within their churches while the world perishes, but become living missionaries presenting truth to those ready to perish, shining wherever they are and in surrounding places.
The witness is to be made visible by every means, including words of warning and appeal, missionary work in every line, the printed page and press, circulating books and tracts, camp meetings held where the public can hear, and work in large cities where interest is alive. As light received from heaven is reflected to others, it kindles further light in many places, and hiding it leaves others in darkness. Camp meetings have greater influence in cities and towns where the message has not yet been proclaimed and public interest is alive, and ministers should help those around them and advance the work in large cities where many need help.
In the last days the light is present truth and the last warning message, including the first, second and third angels' messages and righteousness by faith, dispelling the darkness of ages as those who learned truth reach the ignorant with knowledge of God's word and spiritually nourishing teaching suited to their needs. Their good works lead others to glorify God, and in perilous closing days this requires waking out of sleep, being converted, and bearing a living testimony as a burning lamp taken from under the bushel to give light to all in the house. This demands ever-increasing missionary work until truth belts the world, sending workers into unworked fields and cities, following up awakened interest with diligent effort, and gathering souls and means for support, for to restrict the work through selfishness and leave cities unworked is to hide the light under a bushel.
Specific unworked fields and cities must be entered, including Memphis and New Orleans, San Francisco and Oakland and all other cities of California, Southern California and Los Angeles with a sanitarium for multitudes seeking health, Boston with sanitarium and tent work, New York and other cities, Washington D.C. as the nation's capital, Copenhagen, Nimes, Bushnell, Pacheco, Healdsburg and Iowa, and two or three families should start centers in the South. In cities thousands need help in many ways, so lives and service are to make the light visible and gospel work established so nearby people can receive help. Even a few disciples, as at Nimes where those who ceased transgressing God's law and firmly keep the Sabbath are the light, must let light shine in bright steady rays upon those in darkness, for God's church is the people who love God and keep His commandments even where only two or three are gathered.
The torch of truth kindled from the divine altar must be carried to the sin-darkened field of the colored people in the South, who through past slavery cannot help themselves and are left to become the sport of Satan's temptations, and neglect leaves a dark stain on the record of churches and servants that must be wiped out by redeeming the neglect through united universal action. Being the light requires both proclaiming and living the gospel, with the message ringing through the churches summoning them to act, but without blind zeal and without defiance of law. Excluding them by non-Christlike prejudice violates the calling, and it is shameful to leave the work almost undone with only scattering feeble efforts when so much light has been given, so men and women with moral courage must undertake it in humility putting faith in God rather than men. This extending influence includes searching out-of-the-way places, bringing in the poor that are cast out, speaking comfort, magnifying truth, and establishing training centers such as the school farm near Nashville and schools for educating colored youth to labor among their own race, which no one is to hinder by forbidding workers to go or threatening to withhold support.
God designs light to shine from many cities and localities and not from Battle Creek alone, as spirituality and usefulness and true representation of God in character shining by unselfish work and deep interest in establishing institutions elsewhere rather than covetousness and desire for more. Believers are saving beams to be diffused into darkened corners rather than consolidated in one place, requiring breaking up the concentrated mass, refusing to build a modern Jerusalem at Battle Creek, and establishing centers of influence and small sanitariums where nothing or next to nothing has been done. Young men and women are to be light-bearers by leaving centers with Bible in hand to enter new places and flash truth into the mist and fog of error, rather than being held in work that brings little benefit to the poor and few souls saved, and workers should be located in population centers where influence can reach others and missionary work expand. Present truth is to reach widely and not be kept confined to channels set by human control, and a soul-saving work established in one city can shine beyond it and kindle other lights in many places through the Holy Spirit.
The publishing work is the light and must shine with full brightness to all parts of the world through printed messages never dimmed, lowered, or cut to half illumination. The Pacific Coast paper God established must be kept in true elevated character and restored to original size with earnest zeal, with sacrifice in buildings, wages and other lines rather than in the paper, acting as a beacon in a lighthouse to warn souls, guide them to the haven of truth, and establish many with constantly increasing influence. Light has little value unless presented where people can see it, so the message must be made public, the publishing house placed where it stands out openly like a city on a hill, different books shared rather than hidden in publishing houses, and every justifiable means including the press and advertising used to draw attention, for feeble efforts are not enough. This includes placing the central publishing work near Washington and putting the Washington, D.C. imprint on books and papers, thereby showing before the nation that the work is not hidden and that what God has bidden is being done to proclaim the last message of mercy.
Understanding prophecy brings responsibility to proclaim the warning and unite with divine agencies, carrying a burden for advancement of God's work and realizing its importance for those standing on the verge of the eternal world. This means meeting the need of souls near and afar perishing for the bread of life and water of salvation, giving evidence of genuine faith in the last solemn warning, instead of absorbing money, thought and affection in selfish indulgence, strife over greatness, and mastery-seeking like bicycle racing through streets, which offends God and contradicts profession. Though facing contempt and persecution, disciples must remember their privilege and carry the gospel throughout the world, and the more humble and Christlike they are the more blessing will flow through them to humanity. Now is no time to become weakened and discouraged, but a time to humble the heart in confession of mistakes and sins and wait upon the Lord so spiritual strength is renewed, expecting strength and grace proportionate to trials and conflicts in the last days rather than giving way to worry, doubt, unbelief or worldliness. Each must work earnestly and prayerfully holding the torch to shed light upon willing and unwilling eyes, not becoming discouraged when others professing truth go astray, but faithful in all things representing Christ's compassion.
In every place those who accept truth are to be a light to surrounding people, scattered through towns, villages and cities to shine amid moral darkness by obeying Christ's teachings and continually seeking perfection of character. Through them God communicates heavenly truth to people in darkness who do not know the way of life and salvation, warning them to prepare for judgment and testifying to the coming Saviour. Even a few believers in a great city can each bear light by living by it and taking nearby opportunities, for daily example of holy purpose and unselfish love supports truth more powerfully than preaching without godly life, and thousands moved by God should actively share truth and serve communities lacking spiritual light.
Giving light includes opposing intemperance and its harm to character and families, lifting the fallen with a thousand workers where now there is one, using abilities and grace to help and win others especially tempted youth facing hardship, and making the Lord's work known in large cities including through camp-meetings where residents can be reached. Its light is most effective when truth is presented rightly and lived by its bearers, for selfishness, lack of consecration and defects of character obstruct its benefit and make truth unattractive, while righteous lives reveal its power, draw others to holiness, lead them to glorify God and become lights themselves. God depends on those who know the way to show it to others, having entrusted treasures of truth to men, requiring whole heart and entire affection with duty done and fruit borne and not mere profession without fruit. Small or great, learned or unlearned, rich or poor are under the same requirement to act according to ability or face guilt and peril, for inward grace appears in outward action and far-reaching influence comes not from eloquence or intellect but from faith, trust, learning in Christ's school, humility without vanity or self-centeredness, and hearts drawn out to bless others.
Shining requires self-denying action straining every nerve to raise up missionaries, educate workers, create funds to send laborers, enter new places, open the Scriptures and teach hungering people, instead of spending means on self-indulgence amid wickedness, idolatry, drunkenness and self-indulgence spread through cities. Being that light is proved by putting away selfish idols and sending means to God's house so laborers and missionaries can be paid and sent to souls hungering for truth, working faithfully as stewards to reach places still lacking the message until barren conditions change as desert becomes fruitful by irrigation. Every child of God has received light to diffuse and not to live to self, bringing all capabilities and education to honor God by imparting every ray and important truth in missionary fields, awakened by Christ's love and the cross as the central truth. Acting as missionaries includes circulating Christ's Object Lessons to help the Huntsville school and bring its instruction to people through useful service and good works.
The mission is to exert converting influence leading people from darkness and error to belief in truth, aided by visible good works and unity with God and one another helping the world recognize the Father's love. The whole church is to work together as an active missionary agency, gathering light from Christ the great Source and shining to people in darkness by meeting them where they are and flashing light upon their pathway, for darkness covers the earth and those in error blinded and deluded walk without knowing where they go. When renewed they desire to bring others to the Saviour and help them see God's word, and drawing nigh to God individually draws them nigh to one another with hearts blended in unity so God is glorified, the very atmosphere shining as Christ speaks and works through solidity of character, love and spiritual fruit. Being light includes caring for those who have not accepted truth and diligently laboring for neighbors by sowing truth wherever they live, speaking truth in love, inviting, studying Scripture, praying with them, serving, drawing them to Christ, and not neglecting to warn about sin. Their faith and works testify that the Saviour is coming soon and warn people to prepare, and they are not to withdraw into a circle of their own but befriend those who do not know truth to lead them to Christ.
Christians are called to work for others' salvation using the Bible to teach the way to life and deliver from Satan's power, and even when Sunday laws are passed Sunday can be devoted to God by teaching heaven's way. The light's benefits are for the whole world, not confined to one nation, church, book, occasional practice or personal observance, but to sanctify daily life, business dealings, work and social relations in contrast to hollow ceremony and separation. This public ennobling influence scatters error and reaches all nations and peoples through teaching and example, character formed within in practical piety, truthful conduct, integrity, active kindness and godly example, unlike the Pharisees' hollow observance which had no ennobling influence. Those entrusted with sacred truth are to carry it to enlighten all nations as God's representative to an apostate world, a chosen depositary of truths adapted to bless the entire world and not to be exclusive, maintaining distinct holy obedience to all commandments with the moral law of universal obligation exalted, representing mercy, goodness, compassion and love, standing above other nations in excellence of character and directing attention to God as wise supreme ruler until His praise is in all the earth.
God chose human ambassadors to carry His light to all parts of the world, putting light into the understanding and warmth into the soul of all who accept the message, though He could as easily have written truth on the heavens as He set the stars or proclaimed it by visiting angels. Those representing Christ receive light from Christ Himself and spread it through the darkness of a benighted world to the ends of the earth, with greater and still greater light beaming from the Redeemer's face to be diffused as laborers together with Him pray for sanctification to shine more brightly. Those entrusted with truth must communicate it so people in dark regions hear the saving message, for failure weakens the work, while those who use received light become channels to others and receive increased light, with opposition driving them to God's Word and earnest prayer which God hears. Under God's discipline and training by the Holy Spirit and heavenly agencies, every follower is appointed a channel to lead people from error and sin to truth and holiness, working with Christ to seek and save the lost by Christlike sympathy, love, self-denial and sacrifice for the needy.
Followers must shine in a world darkened by religious error through witness and good works and not merely talk, using every converted person and every gift, ability, jot of light and influence in Christ's service in perfect obedience. Those knowing present truth are to penetrate darkness as dense as that over the Jewish nation in Christ's day, trading upon every talent for the Lord and not self-pleasing with increasing consecration, efficiency and tact, for to see great light with large privileges yet cease witnessing is to walk the path of the Jewish nation and Laodicea like the servant who knew his master's will but did it not. God has called them out of darkness, entrusted sacred responsibilities, and set them to show His praises amid moral darkness, making the contrast between heaven's light and Satan's darkness clear by reflecting God's Word and revealing His holiness, goodness and love in words, abilities and affections to enlighten and save, with greater light bringing greater responsibility. Near the close of the great conflict, when many are to be rescued from slavery of sin, they are to stand in place exerting positive influence for good with the promise that Christ is with them always even to the end, letting light shine brightly so others see good works and glorify the Father.
In places like Africa such a lived light of principle, sobriety, watchfulness, prayer, faith and good works is the only Bible many can read, shining not by seeking prominence of the hill but by being firm, established, strengthened and settled with sound conscience and consistent holy living, much prayer, self-denial, lifting Christ's cross, following His footsteps and walking with God. Being the light does not mean going to a hilltop to shine or making a special wonderful display, but proclaiming truth in highways, byways and ordinary places by sensible rational methods without parade, fantastic or theatrical extravagance, in a way corresponding to the solemnity of the most solemn truth ever entrusted to mortals. The worker trained by Jesus reveals Christ's excellence by a life reflecting His character after Christ's own example avoiding the extraordinary, for sensation is not religion while true religion exerts pure sacred uplifting sanctifying influence bringing spiritual life, and fanciful display counterworks the gospel, wastes means and creates appetite for extravagance. Those called from the churches to reform are lights to all parts of the world not by wealth, eloquence, scholarship, position, display or great accomplishments, but by personal influence, gentleness expressing Christ's meekness and lowliness as partakers of divine nature, a fragrance-like influence reaching far, through delegated humble teachable consecrated workers united with Christ in perfect harmony receiving the oil of the Holy Spirit from the two anointed ones to make others laborers together with God.
Christ's people are lights serving as the Lord's mouthpieces by simple confident walk, unmistakable growth in spirituality, and a spirit of prayer and witness in work, turning decidedly to God, bringing Him into life and character, testifying what He has done, and working as living missionaries and epistles known and read of all men for souls around them out of Christ. God has qualified His people to enlighten the world and entrusted faculties to extend the work until it encircles the globe, in all parts of the earth by establishing sanitariums, schools, publishing houses and kindred facilities, and in many lands by medical missions as God's helping hand ministering to the afflicted. Physicians in sanitariums and medical missionary work bound by providence to this people are to use gifts together as an influence making present truth effective, communicating light and presenting faith to all classes and grades by conversion, humble study, reverence for the Creator instead of self-exaltation, and quietly weaving truth into work without offense, for when they fail light is withheld and souls remain unreached. This shining makes the gospel known to all classes as Christ Himself did, through different workers fitted for different people, some among the unfortunate and degraded and others especially fitted for higher classes whose influence would be lessened by associating largely with rescue work for outcasts.
Shining in Daily Life
The light must shine first from the home in clear, distinct rays rather than remaining private or confined to home life, through Christian practice with saving qualities, kind and helpful words, pleasant countenance bringing brightness and joy, restraint over mind, tongue and voice, subdued voice and wise judgment, and the love, honor and respect of husband and wife, with morning and evening worship and the influence of the Holy Spirit imbuing the household. Parents become lights to the world by sanctification of the truth within them, by correct habits, neatness and order, virtue and righteousness, and holiness of soul, body and spirit, learning meekness from Jesus and beholding His character unto improvement of manners, and by training children whose lives then show the light and carry holy influence into the church. The home is the school where parents and children gain preparation for the home above, and shining there stirs and breaks up false peace, bringing collision and even bitter opposition within the household when convicted members refuse to yield, yet reliance wholly on the freely imparted Spirit gives victory in every contest.
Inward grace is revealed in outward action at work and in business, for the calling requires the whole heart and entire affection, doing duty and bearing fruit and not merely professing knowledge, with small and great, learned and unlearned, rich and poor under the same requirement to act according to ability given. Being light-bearers in business life, even in mechanical lines, does not mean striving to display superior goodness, but having the soul imbued with heaven's principles so that contact with the world reveals the light within through honesty, uprightness and steadfast fidelity in every act, with sanctification and holiness brought into life and character, the eye single to God's glory and not double-minded or serving selfish purposes. This is Christianity in daily life, in business dealings and in professional work as a power in the earth, shown by faithful unselfish labor, self-denying temperance, simplicity in dress without extreme changes that disgust unbelievers, and cheerful pleasant speech, while selfish motives, careless words, indulged habits and uttered maxims sow a baneful harvest.
Sanitariums established in harmony with God's direction, schools, restaurants and publishing houses are to serve as true light-bearers and centers of light when conducted on Bible principles, reflecting Jesus, standing for reform, teaching health principles and reaching far and near, making truth clear rather than putting self forward. Their witness like a city on a hill cannot be hidden, and the light shines through good works so that people glorify the Father, with everyone under duty before God and workers to live so conduct gives a true representation of Christ. Those connected with the publishing office are channels of light to let it shine into different parts of the world by laboring to the highest standard as representative men and women, showing by influence that truth has sanctified the soul, growing up into Christ's stature through meditation and prayer, with angels round about as prayer ascends that truth handled may bring souls to Christ.
Physicians and sanitarium workers, especially leading and head physicians, must not confine talents and influence to one institution or to routine work but must place light where it can benefit believers and unbelievers, using influence in as wide a sphere as possible and speaking truth to others wherever they can reach them, so men see good works and glorify God. Neglecting this open witnessing hides the light and causes souls to be lost, while letting light shine means meeting unbelievers with wise counsel and instruction and presenting Bible truth and health reform faithfully without compromise on every possible occasion, so prejudice is broken down and souls are reached. Workers at St. Helena are to show practical godliness and those at Melrose to shine toward Boston, witnessing for Jesus with social influence sanctified by the Spirit to win people to the Saviour.
Teachers and students whose faith and knowledge of God influence others become lights when Christian character is evident, preparing missionaries to share what they have learned, with schools away from city temptations better preparing balanced characters. Youth in schools and guardians over them are to be channels of light by consecrating body and soul to Christ and moving steadily forward step by step, imparting as well as receiving while in school, giving to another each fresh thought from the Word or other studies instead of keeping it, thereby increasing in knowledge of Christ and showing others the way up the ladder of progress. Every youth and child has work for God's glory and the salvation of others, with strength, time and intellect belonging to God and entrusted for useful service to illuminate moral darkness.
Every soul, young or old, rich or poor, learned or unlearned, and every child is under solemn duty to let light shine according to ability through good works that glorify God, holding the light firmly and a little higher to light other lights. No one is to be discouraged if light is not great, for if it is only a penny taper faithfully held up and done with the very best, God blesses the effort and it can light many others and lead them out of darkness toward salvation, including serving neighbors and drawing them to Christ. This includes the poor, afflicted and obscure whose patient suffering and care for the hopeless make them lights, for Christians bought with a price belong to Christ and are not to live for own pleasure or glory but to use energies to build God's kingdom, raise up those ready to perish and save the lost.
Those who honor the Lord on earth with every capability of the mind, refusing a low standard, carry the gospel to those in darkness, warn of danger those who do not know God, meet evil with good, place heavenly advantages above earthly attractions, and live sanctified holiness in business and professional life with exactness and faithfulness. Their walk and talk with God lets the sacred influence of the gospel be seen, so truth goes forth like a burning lamp and lives show angels and humanity that hope of seeing God is worth effort and sacrifice. A few people whose light is clear and who have living piety, representing Christ through well-ordered life and godly speech with tender sympathy, kindness and practical care for the wounded, tempted and lost, and through personal efforts to save souls, are of greater value than many who merely profess faith or remain spiritually dead.
At the Review and Herald Office selfishness had corrupted the work and robbed it of its preserving, righteous influence, so its workers were failing to live as the light they were called to be in a world of darkness like a city on a hill that cannot be hidden. Even those who feel weak are to take up missionary work, consecrate themselves to Christ, and let light shine near and far through them to people in spiritual darkness. At meetings those who present truth are to reflect God's presence and serve as examples of this light, with earnest service and good works showing God is with them to bring light to people in darkness.
God's people are to share openly and without selfishness the knowledge and practical improvements God gives, so gifts benefit the whole cause rather than one person or one line of work, letting light shine before others by imparting knowledge and educating fellow workers. As living agents with hearts of flesh full of charity they are to manifest unselfish interest by helpfulness to those more needy, to brethren struggling under poverty and debt and to churches and institutions needing financial help in proportion as God has prospered, without jealousy or pushing other workers out or exalting self, curtailing large plans to aid struggling institutions and reserving funds to locate health institutions and small schools where they most benefit people. Every church member must qualify for the Master's work and then let light shine by training men of ability by precept and example to occupy positions of trust, instead of selfishly keeping knowledge from others.
An institution established to advance God's cause, especially a publishing house, is sacred and not common, set apart by the distinction between holy and profane to be a light in the world as a faithful witness for Him and a memorial of the Sabbath of the fourth commandment, with workers highly honored with a sacred charge to labor together with God in close connection with heavenly agencies in ability, service and unwearying vigilance. Believers make light visible by sharing useful knowledge constructively, counseling those responsible how an institution could improve and helping them act rightly, rather than merely spreading criticism without helpful guidance which harms workers and institution and does not diffuse light. God's clear light shines on the believer's path to guide each step and enable a life of usefulness and influence, meeting temporal and spiritual needs, honoring God, and letting words bring hope and comfort as witness to light received.
Keeping the Light Burning
To keep the verse is to live in the world without belonging to it, staying separate from its pleasures, amusements, customs, fashions, friendships and partnerships, obeying God's law and the prophets down to the least commandment, walking in self-denial in Christ's footsteps with the soul's windows open toward heaven so earthward windows close of themselves, and standing distinct from false beacons and every other system rather than mingling with the world until thought of God is lessened.
The light shines through good works, virtuous lives and unselfish acts that lead others to desire righteousness and glorify the Father, and mere profession without a life shaped by faith fails the calling.
When self is crucified and surrendered body, mind and soul, hidden so Christ appears as chiefest among ten thousand and hope of glory, godliness in thought, word and action is surrounded by peace and brightness of purity, honesty and unselfishness.
Keeping the lamp filled with oil and trimmed and burning requires living connection maintained by prayer, watchfulness, feeding on the Word and doing good, with the inner life spiritually nourished like a lamp kept burning.
Gathering light from Christ and sending it in clear steady rays to cheer others, especially the weak in faith and hope, is done by good cheer, praise, love for Jesus, talk of His mercy and power, amiability and happiness, while complaining, dissatisfaction, mourning, sighing and gloom gather darkness, misrepresent Jesus, lose His love from the soul and leave one like a funeral pall and like the foolish virgins whose lamp has gone out.
The remedy is to trim the lamp, pour in the oil of grace, be emptied of self to receive the heavenly oil, take Christ as strength, stop complaint, rejoice in a Saviour's love and receive healing of bitterness and the garment of joy, for worldly cares crowding out Scripture and prayer lose grace and power and deprive others of light, whereas personal consecration guides wanderers better than showy display.
The light is dimmed and truth dishonored when defective character, unsanctified temper, disposition, words and actions obscure the profession, making truth seem darker and turning people away instead of attracting them to investigate and embrace it as the rising sun scatters night.
Worldly policy, measuring how much light to afford others, intimate friendship and association with worldlings that draws away from God, being swayed by evil influences, copying worldly practices or withdrawing in Pharisaical separateness, and allowing worldly principles to contradict profession all cover and dishonor the light.
Thoughtless pleasure-seeking revelry, socials and festivals that put God out of mind, selfish spending such as the bicycle craze, candies and needless dress, and contention, faultfinding, disunity and evil influences misrepresent Christ and fail the duty to make truth visible through good works.
Letting the light shine breaks up false peace and brings collision and strife, often bitter opposition even in the household where convicted family members resent the intrusion, yet reliance wholly on the freely imparted Spirit gives victory in every contest.
Transformed righteous lives draw more effectively than sermons, guiding from sin and making truth and holiness clear, leading others to glorify God and become lights themselves, while selfishness, lack of consecration and defects obstruct benefit and make truth unattractive.
Witness must therefore stay among people rather than withdraw, reflect meekness, patience, gentleness, love and earnestness, meet people where they are, pray with them, work to a purpose without boasting or self-importance, and not needlessly stir prejudice, arouse combativeness or treat humanity as worthless, but be a savor of life unto life.
Every believer bears solemn responsibility to let light shine steadily without delay, using gifts, time, influence and money, teaching poor families to use energies and resources wisely, training other workers and imparting knowledge, for each united to Christ is a lamp receiving and passing light with increasing supply through beholding Him.
Refusing to shine means losing the light and bearing grave guilt and blood of souls for doing so little, while sharing increases one's own light, enriches moral strength and brings joy to heaven.
The call demands awakening to be as earnest to fill one's place as Christ was traveling on foot hungry and weary relieving sickness, representing Him to individuals everywhere by the Word and life, and acting as a minister in character, speech, devotion, zeal and effort to magnify Him.
Fitness to shine depends on genuine spirituality with Christ exalted and self-sufficiency, pride, desire for position and striving for supremacy put away, for wealth, education and knowledge of doctrine alone without inward holiness and vital connection do not reflect light.
It requires discipline, earnest thought, prayer, diligently searching the heart, putting away everything unlike Christ, unlearning old habits, letting self and peculiar temperaments die, taking the Word and Christ's instruction as criterion, learning daily in His school and constantly increasing in faith and likeness to Him, otherwise the church shines only dimly and cannot expect further light.
Sanctification and holiness brought as leaven into daily life, business and professional work with eye single to God's glory, not double-minded or selfish, keeps motives, words, habits and maxims from sowing a baneful harvest.
The light is not to be forced into notice nor smothered by worldly influence, discouragement, fear, reproach or persecution, but let shine plainly through consistent example so people recognize God's work and glorify Him.
Being light means not withdrawing into self and living only for self, for religion is meant to spread truth and benefit others near and far, not remain narrow or selfish, and time, strength and ability bought with infinite price are to be spent in thought, personal effort, tracts and papers, and sympathetic ministry to the needy, oppressed, suffering and unsaved.
Those claiming to believe truth are to be sanctified through it amid wickedness, idolatry, drunkenness and self-indulgence spread through the cities, with self-denying action straining every nerve to raise missionaries, educate workers, fund laborers, enter new places and teach hungering people instead of spending on self-indulgence, for a staggering drunkard weakened by liquor is a nuisance and not that light.
The light must shine in clear steady rays, not flare on special occasions then fade, with suspicion and gloom never hiding it and good works representing Christ's character through heartfelt piety.
Keeping redemption continually in mind, remembering being bought with the Son's blood, makes one less liable to pride and foolishness, enables living to meet the Saviour in peace, repels suggestions to intemperate wicked practices, keeps righteousness and sin and obedience and disobedience distinctly separate, gives the right impression and makes ready for His coming in the clouds.
The call as light is joined to the command to let it shine on waking from spiritual sleep and turning from frivolity to a heaven-directed life.
Letting light shine is done by holding back hasty words and loving one another with Christlike forbearance, so converting power comes through the churches in an awakening to tell perishing souls, with every soul required to help every other soul possible and not close doors to let them suffer.
Advancing continually in knowledge of truth and holiness, keeping God's perfect standard high by precept and example above Satan's false standard that brings misery, degradation, disease and death, enables recognizing and resisting Satan through Jesus' strength, while refusing to go forward turns light to darkness and leaves one lost in blackness.
Christian love for one another must be kept alive and not copied from the world nor held aloof from people, for without it easily extinguished there is no fellowship nor love for those Christ died for.
Only those who bear light now by taking lights from under coverings into highways, hedges and hills with personal effort to warn honest hearts who cannot hear in large assemblies, following Christ who walked to seek and save the lost, will wear a crown of life at last.
Carrying every burden to God in faith with courage and confidence makes one efficient without despondency, depression or secret mourning even when watchmen are unfaithful, placing one where the Sun of Righteousness shines into mind and soul-temple until radiant with His word and moral darkness flees.
While waiting for His coming, followers keep shining by gathering for instruction, encouragement, comfort, hope and readiness, in contrast to those who should shine yet oppose God's servants, choose fables and distort Scripture to mislead from truth.