Nehemiah 7:65
And the Tirshatha said unto them, that they should not eat of the most holy things, till there stood up a priest with Urim and Thummim. And the Tirshatha said unto them, that they should not eat of the most holy things, till there stood up a priest with Urim and Thummim.
The verse belongs to the time after the return from Babylon in the days of Ezra and Nehemiah. The Tirshatha, that is the governor, barred men who claimed priestly descent but whose names were missing from the genealogy and whose ancestry therefore could not be verified. They were not to eat of the altar's most holy portions, the most holy food. This withholding was to last till there stood up a priest with Urim and Thummim who could settle their eligibility and recognition by consulting the oracle and giving a decision on their status.
The ruling treats the Urim and Thummim in the breastplate as an authority whose oracular guidance could settle recognition as priests, showing that its use was still regarded as possible in that generation. In fact the Urim and Thummim were missing after the return. No such priest with them is recorded as appearing, so that means of resolving the question was lost and the withholding stood until such a priest should arise.