And one goat for a sin offering; beside the continual burnt offering, his meat offering, and his drink offering.
The verse appoints one goat for a sin offering on one of the successive days of the seven-day Feast of Tabernacles, beside the regular morning and evening burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering. That feast was the third annual feast beginning on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, the great national thanksgiving after harvest for the fruits of the earth and for God's care in the wilderness wanderings, pointing to the final gathering when God's people wander no more. This added offering belonged to the continual daily ministration carried on through the year in the holy place by the Levitical priesthood, by which sin was transferred from the sinner through confession and blood and the priest's work into the sanctuary, creating the need for its yearly cleansing. Like the other appointed sacrifices it was typical of Christ and shadowed forth the ministration of the heavenly sanctuary, and the obligation to observe it ceased at His crucifixion when the ceremonial law ended.
Feast Setting and Wording
Numbers 29:34 belongs to the list of the various kinds of offerings brought to the Lord on the different and successive days of the seven-day Feast of Tabernacles. That feast was the third annual Jewish feast, beginning on the fifteenth day of the seventh month. Its first day on the fifteenth day of the seventh month was the sixth annual Sabbath, and the twenty-second day of the same month was the seventh annual Sabbath closing the feast. The appointed offerings belong to those holy convocation days on which servile work was forbidden as well as to the intervening days.
The verse requires one goat for a sin offering beside the continual or regular burnt offering with its grain or meat offering and its drink offering. The Feast of Tabernacles was the great national thanksgiving feast held after the harvest to commemorate Israel's wilderness wanderings and to give thanks to God for the fruits of the earth. It also pointed to God's final harvest, when pilgrims to Zion will wander no more and God's people will be gathered in.
The drink offering with each burnt offering was over a quart of strong fermented wine poured out upon the burnt offering and not drunk by priests or worshipers. This explains why wine is mentioned so often in connection with the sanctuary service, since each of the great number of burnt offerings had its meat offering and its drink offering.
Sanctuary Ministry and Typology
Numbers 29:34 belongs to the special priestly work appointed for Israel's annual sabbaths and feasts, standing alongside the regular daily service and the individual offerings brought by penitents. It is one item in the regular calendar of daily sacrifices, Sabbath offerings, new-moon offerings, annual sabbaths and feasts, distinct both from the offerings of individual penitents and from the yearly cleansing service in the most holy place. The goat for a sin offering with the continual burnt offering and its grain and drink offerings was part of the recurring services carried on through the year.
This additional work belonged to the daily ministration in the holy place of the earthly sanctuary, carried on continually through the year by the Levitical priesthood. It stood alongside the regular morning and evening burnt offering and the morning and evening burning of sweet incense. The appointed feast additions are counted with that regular calendar of priestly service in the earthly sanctuary.
Like the regular burnt offerings, the incense, and the individual offerings, these appointed additions transferred sin from the sinner to the victim to the sanctuary through confession of sin, the blood of the sacrifice, and the mediating work of the priest. By carrying sin into the sanctuary they created the necessity for its yearly cleansing. Together they shadow forth the ministration of the heavenly sanctuary.
Like the other sacrifices the offerings were typical of Christ, and the obligation to observe the Feast of Tabernacles ceased at the crucifixion of Christ when the ceremonial law was nailed to the cross. Their presence on successive feast days does not make every day or Sabbath a shadow. The list in Numbers 29 for the tenth day of the seventh month does not say whether those offerings were made before or after the high priest's work in the Most Holy Place, so it cannot prove that the day's offerings were preliminary to that work and their timing does not determine when the Day of Atonement's central work began.
The phrase continual burnt offering occurs in about sixteen places in Numbers 28 and 29 for the morning and evening sacrifice offered for the whole congregation every day of the year and never omitted for any other offering. It comprehends the entire ordained service of the earthly sanctuary, including the continual showbread, the lamps burning continually, the perpetual incense, and the high priest bearing the judgment of Israel upon his heart before the Lord continually. Since the whole earthly continual is a type of the heavenly sanctuary patterned after it, the term applies to the ministry above. Therefore the prophecy of Daniel 8 about taking away the continual applies there, because the earthly sanctuary with its priesthood had ended its work before that power began its work.
The verse appoints one goat for a sin offering on one of the successive days of the seven-day Feast of Tabernacles, beside the regular morning and evening burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering. That feast was the third annual feast beginning on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, the great national thanksgiving after harvest for the fruits of the earth and for God's care in the wilderness wanderings, pointing to the final gathering when God's people wander no more. This added offering belonged to the continual daily ministration carried on through the year in the holy place by the Levitical priesthood, by which sin was transferred from the sinner through confession and blood and the priest's work into the sanctuary, creating the need for its yearly cleansing. Like the other appointed sacrifices it was typical of Christ and shadowed forth the ministration of the heavenly sanctuary, and the obligation to observe it ceased at His crucifixion when the ceremonial law ended.
Feast Setting and Wording
Numbers 29:34 belongs to the list of the various kinds of offerings brought to the Lord on the different and successive days of the seven-day Feast of Tabernacles. That feast was the third annual Jewish feast, beginning on the fifteenth day of the seventh month. Its first day on the fifteenth day of the seventh month was the sixth annual Sabbath, and the twenty-second day of the same month was the seventh annual Sabbath closing the feast. The appointed offerings belong to those holy convocation days on which servile work was forbidden as well as to the intervening days.
The verse requires one goat for a sin offering beside the continual or regular burnt offering with its grain or meat offering and its drink offering. The Feast of Tabernacles was the great national thanksgiving feast held after the harvest to commemorate Israel's wilderness wanderings and to give thanks to God for the fruits of the earth. It also pointed to God's final harvest, when pilgrims to Zion will wander no more and God's people will be gathered in.
The drink offering with each burnt offering was over a quart of strong fermented wine poured out upon the burnt offering and not drunk by priests or worshipers. This explains why wine is mentioned so often in connection with the sanctuary service, since each of the great number of burnt offerings had its meat offering and its drink offering.
Sanctuary Ministry and Typology
Numbers 29:34 belongs to the special priestly work appointed for Israel's annual sabbaths and feasts, standing alongside the regular daily service and the individual offerings brought by penitents. It is one item in the regular calendar of daily sacrifices, Sabbath offerings, new-moon offerings, annual sabbaths and feasts, distinct both from the offerings of individual penitents and from the yearly cleansing service in the most holy place. The goat for a sin offering with the continual burnt offering and its grain and drink offerings was part of the recurring services carried on through the year.
This additional work belonged to the daily ministration in the holy place of the earthly sanctuary, carried on continually through the year by the Levitical priesthood. It stood alongside the regular morning and evening burnt offering and the morning and evening burning of sweet incense. The appointed feast additions are counted with that regular calendar of priestly service in the earthly sanctuary.
Like the regular burnt offerings, the incense, and the individual offerings, these appointed additions transferred sin from the sinner to the victim to the sanctuary through confession of sin, the blood of the sacrifice, and the mediating work of the priest. By carrying sin into the sanctuary they created the necessity for its yearly cleansing. Together they shadow forth the ministration of the heavenly sanctuary.
Like the other sacrifices the offerings were typical of Christ, and the obligation to observe the Feast of Tabernacles ceased at the crucifixion of Christ when the ceremonial law was nailed to the cross. Their presence on successive feast days does not make every day or Sabbath a shadow. The list in Numbers 29 for the tenth day of the seventh month does not say whether those offerings were made before or after the high priest's work in the Most Holy Place, so it cannot prove that the day's offerings were preliminary to that work and their timing does not determine when the Day of Atonement's central work began.
The phrase continual burnt offering occurs in about sixteen places in Numbers 28 and 29 for the morning and evening sacrifice offered for the whole congregation every day of the year and never omitted for any other offering. It comprehends the entire ordained service of the earthly sanctuary, including the continual showbread, the lamps burning continually, the perpetual incense, and the high priest bearing the judgment of Israel upon his heart before the Lord continually. Since the whole earthly continual is a type of the heavenly sanctuary patterned after it, the term applies to the ministry above. Therefore the prophecy of Daniel 8 about taking away the continual applies there, because the earthly sanctuary with its priesthood had ended its work before that power began its work.