Proverbs 31:1

The words of king Lemuel, the prophecy that his mother taught him.

Proverbs 31 is introduced as the words of King Lemuel, a prophecy that his mother taught him. That teaching from his mother was given presumably when he was a child. Lemuel is another name for Solomon.

The authorship of the chapter is uncertain, for it may have been written by Solomon or by someone else. It belongs with material in Proverbs credited to an author other than Solomon and believed to be of later date than Solomon's proverbs. Solomon included this material so its lessons would strike the heart more strongly. The chapter contains a description of a worthy woman, and its concise sayings call for careful, unhurried thought.