Psalms 38:1

O LORD, rebuke me not in thy wrath: neither chasten me in thy hot displeasure.

The verse is a prayer asking the Lord not to rebuke or chasten and discipline in wrath, anger, and hot displeasure. In its setting affliction is connected with sin, and the speaker asks for mercy and forgiveness while fearing to face divine correction in wrath. Conviction is described as arrows that pierce and as God's hand pressing heavily, bringing deep inward distress and a sense of being overwhelmed by guilt. It is the penitent's prayer of conviction and confession, voicing a heart burdened by wrongdoing and distress that loathes self because of sin, confesses it, and seeks mercy and forgiveness.

It gives voice to sorrow over personal lukewarmness and unfaithfulness and to fear of God's displeasure. It is a prophetic picture of Christ's inner experience in his struggles with the enemy, revealing how he felt in his inmost soul during suffering and temptation. It shows that conscience was active under the Old Testament, even though the word conscience does not appear there.