1 “And God blessed Noah and his sons, and said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth. 2 And the fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast of the earth, and upon every fowl of the air; with all wherewith the ground teemeth, and all the fishes of the sea, into your hand are they delivered. 3 Every moving thing that liveth shall be food for you; as the green herb have I given you all. 4 But flesh with the life thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall ye not eat. 5 And surely your blood, the blood of your lives, will I require; at the hand of every beast will I require it; and at the hand of man, even at the hand of every man’s brother, will I require the life of man. 6 Whoso sheddeth man’s blood, by man shall his blood be shed; for in the image of God made He man. 7 And you, be ye fruitful, and multiply; bring forth abundantly in the earth, and multiply therein.
8 “And God spake unto Noah, and to his sons with him, 9 saying, And I, behold, I establish My covenant with you, 10 and with your seed after you; and with every living creature that is with you, the fowl, the cattle, and every beast of the earth with you; of all that go out of the ark, even every beast of the earth. 11 And I will establish My covenant with you; neither shall all flesh be cut off any more by the waters of the flood; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth. 12 And God said, This is the token of the covenant which I make between Me and you and every living creature that is with you, for perpetual generations; 13 I do set My bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between Me and the earth. 14 And it shall come to pass, when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall be seen in the cloud, 15 and I will remember My covenant, which is between Me and you and every living creature of all flesh; and the waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh. 16 And the bow shall be in the cloud; and I will look upon it, that I may remember the everlasting covenant between God and every living creature of all flesh that is upon the earth. 17 And God said unto Noah, This is the token of the covenant which I have established between Me and all flesh that is upon the earth.
18 “And the sons of Noah, that went forth of the ark, were Shem, and Ham, and Japheth; and Ham is the father of Canaan. 19 These three were the sons of Noah; and of these was the whole earth overspread.”
1 “And the whole earth was of one language and of one speech. 2 And it came to pass, as they journeyed east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there. 3 And they said one to another, Go to, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly. And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for mortar. 4 And they said, Go to, let us build us a city, and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven, and let us make us a name; lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth. 5 And the Lord came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded. 6 And the Lord said, Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is what they begin to do; and now nothing will be withholden from them, which they purpose to do. 7 Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech. 8 So the Lord scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth; and they left off to build the city. 9 Therefore was the name of it called Babel; because the Lord did there confound the language of all the earth; and from thence did the Lord scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth.”
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS.
(1) How did God further show His recognition of Noah’s offering of faith? Gen. 9:1. What command did He repeat? (2) How was man to be regarded by the animal creation? V. 2. (3) That their lives might be preserved, what permission was now granted? V. 3. Note 1. (4) What restriction was made in the eating of flesh meat? V. 4. Why? Lev. 17:14. (5) What value is placed on the life of man? Why? Vs. 5, 6. (6) What general truth did the Lord state? V. 6. Note 2. (7) What everlasting covenant did God make with all flesh? Vs. 8-11, 15. Note 3. (8) What was to be the token of the covenant? Vs. 12-14, 16, 17. Note 4. (9) Did the world retain the truth expressed in this token? See Gen. 11:1-9. (10) How many languages were spoken at this time? V. 1. (11) What is said of the sons of Noah? Gen. 9:18, 19. Note 5. (12) What is contained in chapter 10? (13) As the children of men journeyed from the east, to what land did they come? Gen. 11:2. (14) What did they determine to do? Why did they wish to build this city and tower? Vs. 3, 4. Note 6. (15) Who came down to see their work? V. 5. (16) What did He say? V. 6. (17) What did He propose to do? V. 7. (18) What did He do? Vs. 8, 9. (19) What became of their plan? Vs. 4, 9. (20) Was this plan in harmony with His previously-stated design? Gen. 9:1. (21) Who built this city and tower? Gen. 10:8-10. Note 7. (22) What practical benefit do you derive from this lesson?
Suggestive Readings.—“Patriarchs and Prophets” (chapter, “The Tower of Babel”), pp. 117-124; “Spirit of Prophecy,” vol. 1, pp. 91-93; “Empires of the Bible,” pp. 1-5.
ADDITIONAL NOTES.
(For original notes see Lesson Quarterly.)
1. Every moving thing that liveth.—There may be a twofold reason suggested why God gave man animal food to eat, contrary to man’s original bill of fare. Gen. 1:29. (1) All vegetation was destroyed by the flood, and God, to preserve the life of man, permitted him to eat flesh. And yet the Lord plainly shows that He recognized the distinction at this very time by saving more of the clean animals than of the unclean. Noah could eat only of the clean animals. (2) God permitted man to eat flesh that the days of that long-lived race might be lessened. Man’s nature, his anatomy, his teeth, all prove him to be graminivorous, frugivorous, but not carnivorous. Vegetarian diet was man’s original diet, and for the normal man is better now.
2. Shall his blood be shed.—Not a command, nor a decree, but a prophecy of what man would do to preserve his life.
3. Everlasting covenant.—This is but another aspect of God’s everlasting covenant of grace.
4. For a token.—The bow of promise is a token of God’s faithfulness cast upon the clouds of man’s sorrow and trouble. It is the beauty of God’s glory, which faith sees in beholding God’s light through a veil of tears. See Eze. 1:28; Rev. 4:3; 10:1.
5. Overspread.—In obedience to the command of God to replenish the earth. Much study can be put upon Gen. 9:18-28 and chapter 10.
6. Let us.—This is a striking example of man’s attempt to save and exalt himself. He thought it would prove the gate of heaven, and so named it according to the monuments, “Bab-il,” “the gate of heaven,” or “the gate of God.” But God called it just what every attempt of this kind will prove, Babel, Babylon, “confusion.” In thus doing the people were following Lucifer, the king of Babylon. See Isa. 14:4, 12-14.
7. Nimrod.—Nimrod, a mighty hunter of men, was the beginner of organized rebellion against God.
ADDITIONAL STUDY.
(1) How many great curses rested upon the earth when Noah came out of the ark? (2) What took the place of affection toward men on the part of the animal creation? See also James 3:7. (3) What does the bow of promise mean to us?—It is the covenant of righteousness and peace. See Isa. 54:7-10; Luke 2:14; John 14:27. (4) Show that the distinction of beasts into clean and unclean was known before the flood. See Leviticus 11 for Bible classification. (5) Was the division of animals into clean and unclean a part of the ceremonial law? Give reason for your reply. (6) Locate the plain of Shinar.
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8 “Now the king of Syria warred against Israel; and he took counsel with his servants, saying, In such and such a place shall be my camp. 9 And the man of God sent unto the king of Israel, saying, Beware that thou pass not such a place; for thither the Syrians are coming down. 10 And the king of Israel sent to the place which the man of God told him and warned him of; and he saved himself there, not once nor twice. 11 And the heart of the king of Syria was sore troubled for this thing; and he called his servants, and said unto them, Will ye not show me which of us is for the king of Israel? 12 And one of his servants said, Nay, my lord, O king; but Elisha, the prophet that is in Israel, telleth the king of Israel the words that thou speakest in thy bedchamber. 13 And he said, Go and see where he is, that I may send and fetch him. And it was told him, saying, Behold, he is in Dothan. 14 Therefore sent he thither horses, and chariots, and a great host; and they came by night, and compassed the city about. 15 And when the servant of the man of God was risen early, and gone forth, behold, an host with horses and chariots was round about the city. And his servant said unto him, Alas, my master! how shall we do? 16 And he answered, Fear not; for they that be with us are more than they that be with them. 17 And Elisha prayed, and said, Lord, I pray Thee, open his eyes, that he may see. And the Lord opened the eyes of the young man; and he saw; and, behold, the mountain was full of horses and chariots of fire round about Elisha. 18 And when they came down to him, Elisha prayed unto the Lord, and said, Smite this people, I pray Thee, with blindness. And He smote them with blindness according to the word of Elisha.”
Golden Text: “The angel of the Lord encampeth round about them that fear Him, and delivereth them.” Ps. 34:7.
Suggestive Questions.
(1) What was the attitude of the king of Syria toward Israel? What plan did the king of Syria lay before his servants? V. 8. (2) How was this plan frustrated? V. 9. (3) Who was this “man of God”? Note 1. (4) How did the king of Israel save himself? V. 10. Note 2. (5) How was the king of Syria affected by the continued failures of his plans? What did he surmise was the cause? V. 11. Note 3. (6) What did one of his servants answer? V. 12. (7) What command did the king then give? Where was it said Elisha could be found? V. 13. Note 4. (8) What plan was adopted for capturing the prophet? V. 14. (9) When Elisha’s servant rose in the morning, what did he see? What did he say to his master? V. 15. (10) What was Elisha’s answer? V. 16. Note 5. (11) Then what course did Elisha pursue? Was his prayer answered? Then what did the young man see? V. 17. (12) When the soldiers attempted to take Elisha, what did he do? How was this prayer answered? V. 18. Note 6.
Notes.
1. “The man of God” is an appellation specially applied to Elisha. After the incident of the bears destroying the children that mocked Elisha, his presence commanded the respect of all classes of the people. He was consulted by kings, and after the healing of Naaman, the Syrian captain, his renown went throughout that kingdom.
2. God’s protection of Israel.—Notwithstanding the continued and persistent wickedness of the King Jehoram, God protected the kingdom of Israel from the ravages of the Syrians. He still bore with His erring people, and gave them evidence upon evidence of His willingness to favor them above all people. Not only once or twice, but many times, did His prophet give the king warning concerning the movements of his enemies. And the God of Israel is the same yesterday, to-day, and forever.
3. The king of Syria sore troubled.—So often were the plans of the king of Syria baffled that he was certain there must be a traitor among his counselors. So he called them together to make inquiry as to who was the guilty party. But his servants were aware of the wonderful wisdom of the prophet in Israel, and they became convinced that it was some supernatural power that revealed his secrets to the king of Israel. So he concluded to capture the prophet, thinking that would put a stop to the trouble. Little did he understand the power and resources of the God of Israel. Had it been possible for him to have secured the person of Elisha, the power or purpose of the Lord would have been in nowise hindered.
4. Dothan was situated on a hill on the south side of the plain of Jezreel, about twelve miles north of Samaria, the capital. The name is familiar as being the place where Joseph went to visit his brethren when they took advantage of his absence from home, and sold him to the Midianite traders, who carried him to Egypt, over nine hundred years previous to the time of the incident mentioned in this lesson.
5. “Fear not.”—What were the hosts of Syria to the “man of God”? The one who has a living faith in Him who has all power in heaven and in earth will not be disturbed because of a little display of human wrath. Says David, “Behold, He that keepeth Israel shall neither slumber nor sleep.” Ps. 121:4. So it was nothing to the Lord if the Syrian horsemen and chariots did come in the night. He was just as ready to protect His servant as if his enemies had come in the light of day. Suppose they did “compass the city about,” the Lord’s host was there first, and were more in number and greater in strength than any human army. It is always true, night or day, that “the angel of the Lord encampeth round about them that fear Him, and delivereth them.” Ps. 34:7.
6. Elisha prayed again.—This time it was that the Syrian army might be stricken with blindness. And the Lord immediately answered the prayer, so that the entire host were in the hands of the “man of God.” Thus was verified the words of Christ, “If ye abide in Me, and My words abide in you, ye shall ask what ye will, and it shall be done unto you.” John 15:7. The prophet of Israel, with the aid of his unseen support, was enabled to lead captive the host that had been sent to take him into captivity. This he did by leading them right into Samaria, where he delivered them over to the king. Then he prayed yet once more, that their eyes might be opened. Instead, however, of allowing vengeance to be taken upon them, the prophet told the king to feed them and let them go home to their master. “If thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink; for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head.” Rom. 12:20.
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PROGRESS OF THE WAR.
Porto Rico.—General Miles' campaign of conquest is now under full sway in the island of Porto Rico. He has captured a number of towns, without resistance, and the inhabitants are welcoming the Americans as liberators. From Guanica, the landing-place, the Americans marched to Ponce, and received the surrender of the city. Yauco was the next to yield, and the Americans were welcomed in an address by the alcaide, who dated his proclamation, “Yauco, Porto Rico, United States of America, July 27.” The Spanish troops have retreated toward the city of San Juan, and hundreds of the volunteers are of their own accord surrendering to General Miles......General Brooke left Newport News, Virginia, on July 28, with 5,300 men, to re-enforce General Miles, and another entire division of the army has been ordered to sail to his support. No serious resistance is expected until the city of San Juan is reached.
Cuba.—Over four thousand American troops are now on the sick list in Cuba, and the Navy Department is making arrangements for bringing them back to the United States as soon as they are able to be moved......It is reported that the city of Nuevitas, on the south coast of Cuba, has been bombarded by the blockading squadron of the American fleet. The Spaniards evacuated the place and it was subsequently burned. Three Spanish ships in the harbor were captured and taken to Dry Tortugas. In Santiago quiet is still maintained under the policing of the American troops, but business has not been resumed in the degree anticipated, owing to the uncertainty as to whether the government of the province will be under the control of Americans or be turned over to the Cubans......The insurgents have captured Gibara, with 116 prisoners, and are now holding the town......The Cubans have court-martialed and shot four deserters from the Spanish army, who were detected poisoning the wells from which the Cubans took their drinking water......In the city of Santiago malarial fever and dysentery are epidemic, and the fatalities from these diseases average forty daily.
The Philippines.—General Merritt and the transports and troops under his command, arrived at Manila on the morning of July 25. All were well. General Merritt at once assumed command of the American troops. The course which is being taken by Aguinaldo, the insurgent leader, is giving the American commander much anxiety, and it is reported that more troops will be sent to the islands than was originally intended. Both the Americans and insurgents are intrenched around Manila, awaiting the signal to advance to the attack. The Spaniards have placed rows of women and children outside their fortifications to shield themselves from attack by the insurgents......The steamer St. Paul left San Francisco for the Philippine Islands, on July 29, with 850 men on board, to re-enforce General Merritt......Edward E. Hardin, financial editor of the Chicago Tribune, has been appointed by the government to study and report upon the general financial condition of the Philippines.
Peace negotiations are still in progress between Spain and the United States. The demands of the American Government have been laid before the Spanish cabinet and queen regent, and a reply to them has been received at Washington, together with a request for further information in regard to the disposition of some of the territory covered in the American demands. Just what the demands are, and just how they have been received, are not made public; but it is believed that the American terms will be agreed to, and that peace will soon be practically established between the two governments.
Casualties and Calamities.—A cyclone, accompanied by hail and lightning, visited portions of Missouri and Nebraska on July 29. Three persons were killed by the lightning in Nebraska, several houses destroyed, and a large number of horses and cattle killed in the fields......The powder mill at Troy, Pennsylvania, was destroyed by an explosion on July 28, and the owner of the mill was killed......A fierce gale, accompanied by hailstones as large as walnuts, visited Chicago on July 28. The pelting hail broke tons of window glass, killed thousands of birds, and caused a large number of runaway accidents. The property damage will amount to $250,000......The Federated Wire Trades have declared a strike at Cleveland, Ohio, and nearly three thousand wire workers are idle. The strike was caused by a reduction in wages......A hailstorm visited Coddington County, S. D., on July 28, ruining 30,000 acres of standing grain.
National.—The seventh annual session of the National Irrigation Congress has been called to meet in Cheyenne, from September 1 to 3 inclusive. Delegates will be appointed by each State, by each city of 25,000 inhabitants, and by agricultural colleges and irrigation societies......The United States consul at Lisbon, Portugal, has issued a formal protest to the Portuguese Government against the harboring of Spanish war vessels.
Fires.—The big box factory at Flagstaff, Arizona, was burned on August 2. The loss is about $75,000, and the destruction of the factory throws 200 men out of employment......Three persons were killed and fourteen injured by the burning of the Berwyn Hotel, Chicago, on August 1......By the burning of the Oregon House, San Francisco, on the night of July 29, five persons lost their lives, and six were seriously injured.
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NEWS AND NOTES
International.— The court of inquiry at Halifax, appointed for the investigation of the causes of the Bourgogne disaster, exonerate the captain of the Cromartyshire from blame in the matter, placing the responsibility for the collision on the officers of the Bourgogne ...... The French minister of marine has decided to order a fresh inquiry into the loss of the Bourgogne, with a view of punishing those who failed to do their duty ...... A persistent rumor comes from Panama to the effect that Peru is planning a naval demonstration against the Pacific Coast of the United States for the purpose of causing America to withdraw her claim against the Peruvian Government. Commodore Ferryos, of the Peruvian navy, has sailed for Europe, where it is reported he is going for the purpose of buying war ships for this purpose ...... A report from Guatemala states that another revolution has broken out there, headed by General Castillo, the candidate for president, who is attempting a forcible overthrow of the government ...... Indications now point to an early settlement of the Cerruti claim, held by Italy against Colombia, which will avert the threatened rupture between the two countries ...... The French Government has received an official despatch announcing the assassination of the French Captain Cassemajou, and the massacre of his entire escort in Western Africa ...... Switzerland has warned Don Carlos that he must leave the country in case he starts an agitation in Spain against the present government ...... Spanish troops are reported to be pursuing a band of Carlists, which recently appeared in the province of Catalonia ...... A report from Yokohama states that Hawaii has promised to pay to Japan an indemnity of £40,000 in settlement of the dispute over the exclusion of Japanese subjects from the Hawaiian Islands ...... England has objected to the erecting of Spanish fortifications, which have been recently undertaken within range of Gibraltar. In view of this protest, the Spanish guns which have been landed have not been mounted ...... The Chinese rebellion has not yet been quelled. Fighting is still going on between the imperial troops and the forces of the rebels, who have captured several towns in addition to those already taken by them ...... The American mission school, in the Haiphong district, Kwangtung province, has been burned by the natives, and the United States consul at Canton has appealed to the viceroy to send troops to quell the rioting ...... The empress dowager of China has relieved the emperor of all power and authority, and superseded him as ruler of the realm. Her accession to the throne was immediately followed by the appointment of Li Hung Chang as viceroy, in the place of his rival and enemy, Weng Tung-ho. Li Hung Chang is now the virtual head of the Chinese foreign office ...... On the night of July 30 Prince Bismarck, the iron chancellor of Germany, died at his home at Friedrichsruhe, at the age of eighty-three years. His funeral took place on August 2, and, tho attended by the emperor and empress of Germany, was conducted without ostentatious display of any kind ...... The failure of Hooley, the great London promoter of schemes, trusts, and companies, has brought the names of a large number of well-known English lords and nobles into an unenviable light. It is charged that these influential names were purchased by Hooley at fabulous prices, to influence the sale of stocks in the companies with which their names were connected.
Items of Interest.— Artificial teeth made of paper are furnished by the dentists of Germany. They are very comfortable, retain their color, and are much lighter and cheaper than China teeth ...... The ladies of the Russian court have been forbidden by the czarina to indulge in the nauseating practice of cigarette smoking in her presence. These court ladies have petitioned her majesty to withdraw the prohibition, inasmuch as the dowager czarina, the empress of Austria, the queen of Roumania, the queen regent of Spain, and the queen of Portugal, with their court ladies, are addicted to the habit ...... The Prince of Wales has sustained an injury to his knee-cap which is likely to make him a cripple for life ...... Whisky biscuits are the latest invention of the liquor element for inducing in children liquor appetite. These are being sold in large quantities to the school children of New York. The board of health of that city has decided to begin a crusade against those who are engaged in this pestilential traffic ...... The surgeon in charge of the army hospital at Governor’s Island, New York, where many wounded soldiers from Cuba are receiving treatment, reports that the wounds made by Mauser bullets necessitate fewer operations and heal much more quickly than those made by either the Springfield or Martini-Henry rifles. The Spaniards are using the Mauser weapons almost wholly ...... The Russian minister of public instruction has issued a drastic order to the effect that corsets must not be worn by Russian young women attending schools and universities ...... There is still in England one manufactory where flints are produced for fire-making. These flints are shipped to Spain and Italy, and are used by the poorer class in place of matches for starting their fires.
